胰岛β细胞再生研究进展

Research progress of islet beta cell regeneration

胰岛β细胞分泌体内唯一具有降糖功能的胰岛素,对血糖稳态的调节至关重要。受高糖、高脂、免疫及炎症等刺激,糖尿病患者胰岛β细胞数量呈进行性下降状态,造成胰岛素分泌不足。因此,通过激活胰岛β细胞周期,引导β细胞自我复制、激活干细胞及祖细胞的分化以和其他非β细胞转分化为胰岛β细胞等再生方式增加β细胞数量,改善患者胰岛素的分泌,是目前糖尿病治疗的一个新的方向。本文就β细胞再生来源和机制进行综述,为糖尿病患者临床治疗提供理论依据。

Isletβcells secrete insulin,which has the only hypoglycemic function in the body,and is essential for the regulation of blood glucose homeostasis.Stimulated by high glucose,high fat,immunity,and inflammation,the number of isletβcells in diabetic patients showed a progressive decline,resulting in insufficient insulin secretion.Therefore,it is a new direction for the treatment of diabetes to increase the number ofβcells and improve the secretion of insulin in patients by activating theβcell cycle,guiding the self⁃replication ofβcells,activating the differentiation of stem cells and progenitor cells to transdifferentiate from other non⁃βcells intoβcells.In this paper,the sources and mechanisms ofβcell regeneration were reviewed to provide theoretical basis for clinical treatment of diabetes patients.