数据商品的价值问题探析

An Analysis on the Value of Data Commodity

数据是一种具有使用价值的劳动产品。数据商品被包含在数字商品内部,是数字商品的一部分。数据商品和受众商品是两种不同的商品,尤其是在使用价值和价值方面是不同的,有必要对二者作出区分。在数据商品的三个生产阶段,其价值构成的不同要素对其价值形成发挥不同作用。生产数据商品的生产资料进行价值转移,雇佣劳动和非雇佣劳动共同创造新的价值,发生价值增殖。雇佣劳动的价值增殖过程是由互联网相关产业的员工生产互联网产品或直接生产数据商品的生产过程组成的,非雇佣劳动的价值增殖则主要存在于普通网络用户在互联网平台使用数字产品时产生数据的过程。只有从理论上深入分析数据的商品性质、了解数据商品的使用价值和价值,才能在实践中进一步激活数据资源价值、发挥数据要素的作用。

Data is a kind of labor product with use value. Data commodity is included in the digital commodity, is a part of the digital commodity. Data commodity and audience commodity are two different commodities, especially in terms of use value and value, and it is necessary to make a distinction between them. In the three production stages of data commodity, different elements of its value composition play distinct roles in its value formation. The means of production that produce the data commodity carries on value transfer, the wage labor and the non-wage labor jointly create the new value, and the value proliferation occurs. The value proliferation process of wage labor is composed of the production process of Internet products or data products directly produced by employees in Internet-related industries, while the value proliferation of non-wage labor mainly exists in the process of data generation by ordinary network users when they use digital products on Internet platforms. Only by deeply analyzing the commodity nature of data in theory and understanding the use value and value of data commodity, can we further activate the value of data resources and play the role of data elements in practice.