国土空间规划体系中的土地发展权:理论溯源、国际经验与本土思考

Land Development Rights in the Spatial Planning System:Theoretical Trace, International Experience and Implications for China

本文探讨了土地发展权的权源、理论内涵并建构了国土空间规划与土地发展权研究的关联框架。研究发现:国土空间规划体系下的土地发展权体系面临行政色彩过浓、区域差异、城乡差异、乡乡差异与“反公地困局”等诸多挑战;需从土地发展权的法律支撑体系、空间规划技术支撑体系、空间规划管理支撑体系和财政税收支撑体系等方面建构土地发展权体系;在国土空间规划的编制中,应增加土地发展权配置与流转等内容,并设计配套的政策工具。

This paper begins with the theoretical trace and connotation of land development rights(LDRs), and explores the theoretical connection of national spatial planning system and LDRs. It reviews the literature of LDRs and international experiences of LDRs in spatial planning system. The following section analyzes the problems of regional development gap and urban-rural gap caused by administrative dominant land allocation system, and challenges of anti-common tragedy. It concludes with the policy implications of establishing the law system, planning support system, planning management system and financial and tax system of LDRs. In the preparation of national spatial planning, the content of the allocation and transfer of land development rights should be added, and supporting policy tools should be designed.