《易》的本体、工夫和境界——马一浮的易学建构及其价值

The Conceptual Body,Self-cultivation and Realms of the Changes:The Construction and Value of Ma Yifu’s Scholarship on the Changes

在现代学术转型的背景下,马一浮的“六艺论”系统建构了“六经皆理”的思想体系。作为六艺论的整体纲领和根本原理,马一浮的易学思想直承伊川、朱子,同样具足了其六艺论的系统性特质,可以在“本体”“工夫”“境界”的理论框架中得到深切著明的呈现。他建构了理本体的易学本体论、以言行为中心的学易工夫论和易道十大的境界论。马氏易学彰显了易学在六艺之学中的地位和价值,会通了宋明理学和经学两大学术传统,并在儒佛会通的视域下理性、系统地统合且呈现了中国哲学的根本性义理,具有重要的理论价值。

Under the background of modern academic transformation, Ma Yifu’s(1883-1967) “Six Classics Theory” is actually a systematic construction of the ideological system according to which “the six classics are all principle-oriented”. As the overall programme and fundamental principle of the “Six Classics Theory”, Ma Yifu’s thought, based on the Changes, directly inherited Cheng Yi(1033-1107) and Zhu Xi’s(1130-1200) Neo-Confucianism, and also has the systematic characteristics of his Six Classics Theory, which can be clearly presented in the theoretical framework of “conceptual body”, “self-cultivation” and “realms”. He constructed the ontology of the Changes with li(principle) as the conceptual body, the theory of self-cultivation centered on speech and behavior, and the ten realms conceived in the Dao of the Changes. Ma’s scholarship represents the position and value of the Zhou Changes in the study of the six classics;he connected the two academic traditions of Neo-Confucianism and Confucian classics studies in the Song-Ming(960-1644) period and has rationally and systematically integrated and presented the fundamental principles of Chinese philosophy from the perspective of connecting Confucianism and Buddhism, which possesses important theoretical value.