交互界面输入模式对目标指点绩效的影响

The Influence of Input Techniques on Target Pointing Performance

目的探索指点交互界面输入模式对目标指向与辨别反应任务绩效的影响。方法28名被试采用凝视输入(驻留时间为400 ms/500 ms/600 ms/700 ms四个水平)、视线定位-按键确认输入(眼手双通道输入)、鼠标指点、触控板指点四种交互界面输入模式,完成辨别反应任务,基于任务完成时间、正确率指标对任务绩效进行评估。结果鼠标指点交互界面输入模式和眼手双通道交互界面输入模式的正确率高且任务完成时间短。触控板指点也具有很高的正确率,但任务完成时间显著长于其它交互界面输入模式。驻留时间阈值对凝视输入模式下的任务完成时间影响较小,但对正确率的影响较大:当驻留时间为700 ms时,凝视输入的正确率与触控板、眼手双通道输入无显著差异;随着驻留时间的缩短,凝视输入模式下的正确率显著下降,特别是驻留时间从500 ms缩短到400 ms时,辨别反应任务的正确率急剧下降。结论在辨别反应任务中,鼠标输入和眼手双通道交互界面输入模式的效能整体优于触控板指点和凝视交互界面输入模式;通过凝视交互界面输入模式进行目标辨别与选取时,推荐驻留时间设置不低于500 ms。

Objective To explore the impact of input techniques on task performance in a pointing and recognition reaction task.Methods Twenty-eight participants completed a pointing and recognition reaction task by using four input techniques,namely,gaze input(gaze pointing and dwell selection,dwell time being 400ms/500ms/600ms/700ms),eye hand coordination input(EHC input,gaze pointing cascaded by a key press to select the target),mouse input and touchpad input.Task performance was evaluated by task completion time and correct rate.Results EHC input and mouse input techniques demonstrated high correct rate and relatively short task completion time.While the correct rate of touchpad input was also high,the task completion time of touchpad input was significantly longer than other input techniques.Task completion time of gaze input was slightly longer than that of mouse input and EHC input,and not affected much by the dwell time parameter;however,the correct rate of gaze input was affected dramatically by dwell time.When the dwell time was 700ms,gaze input showed equally high correct rate as touchpad input and EHC input;with the shortening of dwell time,the correct rate of gaze input decreases significantly.Specially,when dwell time changed from 500ms to 400ms,the correct rate dropped sharply.Conclusion The performance of mouse input and EHC input techniques is better than that of touchpad input and gaze input techniques in the pointing and recognition reaction task.It is recommended to set the dwell time above 500ms in target selection when using the dwell method.