全国碳排放权交易市场开市一周年回顾及相关政策建议

Review of the first anniversary of the opening of national carbon market and policy suggestion

全国碳排放权交易市场开市一周年,期间相关政策文件主要围绕碳排放数据质量管理和配额清缴进行工作安排。一年的碳市场运行总体平稳有序,市场体系成功建立并不断完善,履约率较高,履约完成及公示情况整体较好,抵销机制带动消纳存量国家核证自愿减排量。挂牌价格相对稳定,交易规模相对较小,履约驱动现象明显。市场结构单一导致流动性严重不足,在交易规模、碳价信号等方面与欧盟碳市场相去甚远,且存在法律法规体系尚不完善、中长期发展路径不清晰、数据质量有待提升等问题。建议尽快完善法律和制度保障体系,设置碳市场分阶段发展路线图,有效引导市场预期;丰富碳市场参与主体和交易方式,提高市场流动性和价格发现能力;完善碳排放监测核查体系,推动政策机制在不同市场之间联结及国际之间互认,提高中国碳市场影响力和话语权。

The national carbon market has been running stably and orderly for one year with a high performance rate.During this period,relevant policy documents mainly focused on carbon emission data quality management and quota clearance.The market system has been successfully established and continuously improved with high implementation rate and positive completion and publicity of the implementation,and the offset mechanism driving the consumption stock of CCER.Under the clear performance driven,the listing price and transaction scale is relatively stable and small respectively.However,its single market structure has led to a serious lack of liquidity.Compared with European Union emission trading system,there is a big gap in terms of transaction scale and carbon price signal.There are still such problems as imperfect legal and regulatory system,unclear medium and long-term development path,and inadequate data quality.It is suggested that the national carbon market should improve the legal and institutional guarantee system as soon as possible,set up a phased road map to effectively guide market expectation,enrich the market entities and trading varieties to improve the market liquidity and price discovery ability,improve the carbon emission monitoring and verification system,promote the connection between different markets and international mutual recognition of policy mechanisms to improve the influence and voice of China’s carbon market.