2015-2019年北京市大兴区肺结核流行特征分析

Analysis of epidemic characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Daxing district of Beijing,2015-2019

目的分析北京市大兴区2015-2019年肺结核的流行特征,为全区结核病防控工作提供理论依据。方法数据来源于中国疾病预防控制信息系统国家传染病监测系统,采用描述性流行病学方法,描述肺结核的三间分布及其变化趋势。结果2015-2019年大兴区累计报告肺结核患者3130例,平均年报告发病率38.1/10万,总体呈下降趋势,平均年递降率为7.1%。全年各月份均有病例报告;各镇街报告发病率有差异,北四镇发病率较高;男性肺结核报告发病率(125.96/10万)明显高于女性(64.60/10万);家务及待业人员、农民和工人等人群发病率较高,5年发病率分别为69.83/10万、27.64/10万和21.86/10万;20~40岁年龄组发病率最高。结论大兴区结核病发病率下降速度较慢,距离2035年终止结核病流行的目标还有较大差距,但与全国的平均下降速度相比,大兴区的下降幅度较大。肺结核在不同时间、地区和人群的分布也有很大差异,需继续加强重点人群结核病患者的防控工作。

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB)in Daxing district of Beijing from 2015 to 2019,to provide theoretical basis for the formulation of prevention and control strategies.Methods PTB data were collected from infectious disease monitoring system of the China information system for Disease Control and Prevention,and descriptive epidemiological method were used to describe the distribution and trend of PTB.Results From 2015 to 2019,a total of 3130 cases of PTB were reported in Daxing district,with an annual average reported incidence of 38.1/100000.The annual reported incidence rate showed an overall decreasing trend with an annual average decrease rate of 7.1%.Cases were reported in all months of the year.There were differences in the reported disease incidence rates among towns/streets,with hinger rates in the four northern towns.The reported incidence rate was higher in males(125.96/100000)than in females(64.60/100000).More cases were reported among domestic workers/unemployment,farmers and workers,who had 5-year incidence rates of 69.83/100000,27.64/100000 and 21.86/100000 respectively;hinger rates were reported among those aged 20-40 years.Conclusions The incidence of PTB in Daxing district has been declining slowly,and there is still a large distance to go before the goal of the eliminating tuberculosis by 2035,but the rate of decline in Daxing district is greater compared with the national average rate of decline.The characteristics of PTB are different among different months,regions and populations,and it is necessary to take measures to increase the prevention and control of PTB in key populations.