全球体育治理的现实困境与中国方略——基于人类命运共同体视角

Dilemma of Global Sports Governance and China’s Strategy Viewed from Human Community with a Shared Future

以人类命运共同体理论为基点,对国内外学界关于全球体育治理的研究成果进行比较,阐释全球体育治理的学理内涵、基本要素与治理困境。全球体育治理,是一种超民主的治理,各参与主体共同行动承担全球体育责任,遵循奥林匹克治理的价值体系,共同维护现行的国际体育秩序。全球体育治理的基本要素包括价值理念、治理主体、治理客体、监管机制和治理效果五种。当前,全球体育治理面临的主要困境一是全球体育治理价值理念共识的弱化加速“价值基石”的瓦解;二是国际体育组织自治封闭性,外部监督排他性,导致全球体育治理的民主性与合法性缺失;三是治理机制被不断分化,治理议题不断泛化,增加全球体育治理的难度;四是单边主义、保护主义回流,全球体育治理变革进程缓慢。在人类命运共同体理念指引下,中国积极参与全球体育治理,推动人类命运共同体理念与全球体育治理理念的价值共识,引导全球体育治理主体关系走向合作共赢,促进国际体育治理体系的良性变革,提升中国在国际体育治理中的话语权,为全球体育治理议题提供中国方案。

Based on the theory of human community with a shared future, the paper compares the research results on global sports governance at home and abroad, and explains the theoretical connotation, basic elements and governance dilemma of global sports governance. Global sports governance is a kind of super democratic governance. All participants take joint actions to assume global sports responsibilities, follow the value system of Olympic governance, and jointly safeguard the current international sports order. There are five basic elements of global sports governance, i.e., value concept, governance subject, governance object, regulatory mechanism and governance effect. At present, the global sports governance faces the main dilemmas: first, the weakening of the global sports governance value concept consensus accelerates the collapse of the “value cornerstone”;Second, the autonomy of international sports organizations is closed and the external supervision is exclusive, which leads to the lack of democracy and legitimacy of global sports governance;Third, governance mechanisms are constantly differentiated and governance issues are constantly generalized, which increases the difficulty of global sports governance;Fourth, unilateralism and protectionism return, and the process of global sports governance reform is slow. Guided with the concept of human community with a shared future, China actively participates in global sports management, promotes the consensus of the concept of human community with a shared future consensus and the concept of value of global sports management, guides the main bodies of the global sports management to develop their win-win cooperation, promotess the benign reform of the international sports management system, promote the voice for China in the international sports management, and provides Chinese solutions to global sports governance issues.