国家与体育社会组织关系研究——基于广西藤县舞狮组织的调查

Relationship Between Nations and Sports Social Organizations——Investigation Based on Lion Dance Organizations in Teng County of Guangxi Province

以广西藤县舞狮组织为研究对象,运用实地调查和访谈法等研究方法,以社会历史变革为研究主线,探讨了国家与体育社会组织关系的变迁,以及变迁过程中所折射出的国家与社会互动的内在逻辑。研究认为:从传统社会到现代社会,国家与体育社会组织关系经历了由统治型、控制型、依附型再到合作型的关系变迁。在1949年以前的传统社会,国家与体育社会组织之间表现为以“皇权”为导向的统治型关系;1949—1977年总体性社会时期,“全能型”国家把控社会的各个方面,国家与体育社会组织表现为控制型关系;1978—1999年社会转型期,国家开始放权于社会,国家管控虽有松动,但国家仍是社会发展的主导者,国家与体育社会组织表现为依附型关系;2000至今的新社会发展期,随着“善治”理念的提出,体育社会组织开始尝试性地分担国家的公共服务职能,表现出国家与体育社会组织相互征用的合作型关系。

Taking the lion dance organizations in Teng County, Guangxi as the research object and using the research methods of field investigation and interview, the paper takes the change of the social history as the main research line and probes into relationship changes between the state and sports social organization, as well as the internal logic of the interaction between the state and society reflected in the process of change. The research findings show the relationship between the state and the sports social organization has experienced the dominant type, the control type, the attachment type and the cooperative type. In the traditional society before 1949, the dominant relationship between the state and the sports social organization was guided by the “imperial power”;In 1949-1977, the “all-around” state controlled all aspects of society, and formed the controlled relationship with the sports social organizations;In the period of social transformation in 1978-1999, the state endowed more governing functions to the society and formed the attachment relationship with the society;in the new social development period since 2000, the social sports organizations tried to share some public service responsibility of the state and formed the cooperative relationship with the state.