省级政府如何实现数据开放高绩效?——基于31个省的实证研究

How Can Provincial Governments Achieve High-performance in Open Government Data?Empirical Research Based on 31 Provinces

政府数据开放是国家大数据战略的核心。各省因资源和条件禀赋的不同,产生了政府数据开放绩效的差异。研究政府数据开放高绩效的前因要素和组态路径,对进一步推动政府数据开放具有重要理论和现实意义。文章基于《2020年中国地方政府数据开放报告》的综合指数及各省份的客观数据,运用模糊集定性比较分析方法,对31个省级政府数据开放平台进行分析,探究省级政府实现数据开放高绩效的组态路径。实证研究结果发现:(1)实现省级政府数据开放高绩效存在单因素路径和多因素组合路径,前者以技术水平和数据标准化为必要条件;后者则有技术-统筹-资源倾斜型、技术-统筹-社会驱动型、技术-数据-生态优化型和技术-数据-反向激励型四种路径。(2)对标四种组态路径,各省在已有资源禀赋基础上精准施策,有利于提升政府数据开放绩效。

Open Government Data(OGD)is the core of the national big data strategy.Due to the differences in the endowment of resources and conditions,the performance of OGD is different.Studying the high-performance of OGD factors and configuration paths is of great theoretical and practical significance for further promoting government data opening.Based on the comprehensive index of the“2020China Local Government Data Open Report”and the objective data of various provinces,use the fuzzy setting Qualitative Comparative Analysis to analyze the 31 provincial government data open platforms to explore the high-performance of provincial OGD configuration paths.The results of the empirical research found that(1)The existence of high performance of the provincial OGD and multi-factor combination paths,the former uses technical level and data standardization as the necessary conditions.The latter has four paths:technology-coordination-resource,technology-coordination-social,technology-data-ecological,and technology-data-reverse.(2)Based on the four configuration paths,the provinces are accurately imposed existing resource,which is conducive to improving OGD performance.