1:250万月球岩石类型图

Digital and global lithologic mapping of the Moon at a 1:2,500,000 scale

人类对月表物质成分的科学认识始于20世纪60~70年代.大量的无人和载人月球探测获得了珍贵的历史数据.利用这些数据资料,美国地质勘探局编制了最早的一批月球地质图,但由于当时缺乏全面的月表物质成分探测数据,早期的月表地质单元划分多以形貌特征为依据而缺少成分约束. 20世纪90年代以来,新一轮的月球探测任务获取了全月球表面的物质成分探测数据,为开展月表物质成分编图提供了第一手资料.通过对月表物质成分分布信息的研究,本研究建立了月球内动力地质作用形成的岩石类型分类体系.基于GIS平台编制完成的1:250万月球岩石类型分布图及建立的月球物质成分数据库,为开展月球数字地质图编研和月球地质综合研究以及未来其他天体的编图工作奠定了基础.

Scientific knowledge of lunar lithologies was first acquired in the 1960s-1970s.The space race between the United States(U.S.)and Soviet Union has promoted numerous manned and robotic lunar exploration missions.Utilizing datasets from these missions,the first series of lunar geologic maps was prepared and published by the U.S.Geological Survey(USGS)The definition of lunar geological features in these maps was mostly based on morphological characteristics but lacked lithological constraints owing to the incompleteness of the compositional datasets avail-able.After two decades of silence,a new era of lunar exploration began in the 1990s when the Galileo spacecraft flew by the Moon during its gravity-assisted maneuvers.The very successful orbital missions,the Clementine and Lunar Prospector(LP),provided the first global geochemical and mineralogical(multispectral,gamma ray,neutron,etc.)datasets of the lunar surface.