基于蛋白质组学技术的新型冠状病毒肺炎研究进展

Progress in Research of COVID-19 Based on Proteomics Techniques

新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)是一种由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,SARS-CoV-2)引发的传染病。此种病毒传染性强、传播速度快,对全球人民的身体健康和生命安全造成严重威胁。蛋白质组学技术以其高通量、高灵敏度的特点,在疾病生物标志物的发现、分子机制研究及治疗靶点研究中扮演着重要角色,并被广泛应用于COVID-19的研究中。本文介绍了SARS-CoV-2的基因组结构及病毒感染过程,总结了目前常用的基于质谱的蛋白质组学研究技术,重点综述了蛋白质组学技术在COVID-19生物标志物的发现、分子机制研究和药物治疗靶标研究中的应用进展,最后展望了蛋白质组学的未来发展方向,以期能够有助于推动蛋白质组学技术在COVID-19精准诊断和治疗中的发展。

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).This virus is highly contagious and spreads rapidly,posing a serious threat to the health and safety of people around the world.Proteomics technology has the characteristics of high throughput and high sensitivity,and plays an important role in biomarker discovery,molecular mechanism research,and therapeutic target research.Proteomics technology has been widely used in the research of COVID-19.Herein,this study provides a comprehensive review of the research progress of COVID-19 based on proteomics techniques.In section 1,the genome structure of SARS-CoV-2 and the process of SARS-CoV-2 infecting host cells were summarized.In section 2,the currently commonly used mass spectrometry(MS)-based proteomics techniques including liquid chromatography(LC)-MS and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight(MALDITOF)MS were reviewed.In section 3,the application progress in the research of precise diagnosis,molecular mechanism and drug therapy targets of COVID-19 based proteomics technology was highlighted.Proteomics have been employed in biomedical research to uncover biomarkers associated with COVID-19,it also provides a comprehensive snapshot of virus-induced changes to the host following infection,invasion,persistence,and pathogenesis and can prime the identification of novel therapeutic targets for preventing or lessening disease severity.In section 4,the future development direction of proteomics was prospected.It’s hoped that this review can help to promote the development of proteomics technology in the precise diagnosis and treatment of diseases.