云南栝楼属植物的化学成分及生物活性研究进展

Research Progress on Chemical Constituents and Biological Activities of Trichosanthes L.Plants in Yunnan Province

栝楼属是葫芦科中较大的一个属,在我国以华南和西南地区分布最多。该属植物药用资源丰富,其中多个品种均被作为民族药在云南民间广泛使用,常用于治疗咽喉肿痛、痰热咳嗽、痈疮肿毒等。栝楼属植物中主要含有萜类、黄酮、甾体、有机酸等化学成分,有抗肿瘤、抗氧化、降血糖等生物活性,极具药用开发价值。以国内外相关文献为依据,对在云南分布的栝楼属植物中的化学成分按照结构类型进行分类,并对部分化学成分的生物活性进行整理归纳,为深入研究和进一步开发利用云南栝楼属植物提供参考。

Trichosanthes L.is one of the largest genera in Cucurbitaceae and is most widely distributed in southern and southwestern China.Trichosanthes L.plants have rich medicinal resources,many of which are widely used as ethnic medicines in Yunnan Province.It is often used to treat sore throat,phlegm and cough,grow lumps on the body.Trichosanthes L.plants mainly contain terpenes,flavones,steroids,organic acids and other chemical constituents,which have anti-tumor,anti-oxidation,hypoglycemic and other biological activities and have the value of medicinal exploitation.In this paper,the chemical constituents of Trichosanthes L.plants distributed in Yunnan Province were classified according to their structural types based on relevant literature at home and abroad,and the biological activities of some chemical constituents were summarized,providing reference for further research and development of Trichosanthes L.plants in Yunnan Province.