信息时代背景下波斯特对福柯权力技术思想的沿革

The Evolution of Poster's Thoughts on Foucault's Power Technology in the Information Age

波斯特的权力技术分析承袭了福柯的权力/知识体系及其微观视角,将福柯探究的社会样本从19世纪发展到信息时代。波斯特的主要观点:一是信息时代下权力运作模式与福柯所剖析的传统资本主义运作模式存在很大不同,归因于信息技术的出现消融了之前权力运作必需的时空边界;二是信息技术使得权力的作用对象从“人的身体”转移到“人的身份”,“权力身体”也从“全景监狱”过渡到数据建构的“超级全景监狱”;三是信息时代独白性、自指性的媒介语言,改变了信息时代之前的“威权”模式,个体通过“自我化塑造”,将处于更深层的统治之中。

Poster's analysis of the power technology inherits Foucault's power/knowledge system and its microscopic perspective,developing the social sample of Foucault's inquiry from the nineteenth century to the information age.First,Poster argues that the operation mode of power in the information age differs significantly from the traditional capitalist operation mode described by Foucault,because the advent of information technology has dissolved the spatial and temporal boundaries previously necessary for power operation.Secondly,information technology has shifted the object of power from"human body"to"human identity",and the"body of power"from"panoramic prison"to"super panoramic prison"constructed by data.Finally,the monologic and self-referential media language of the information age has changed the mode of"authoritarian"that existed before,and has put people in a deeper domination by self-shaping invisibly.