湘语衡南话“AXA”式量词重叠及其主观性

The Quantifiers Overlap of"AXA"Type in Hengnan Dialect and Its Subjectivity

衡南话“AXA”式量词重叠有“A咯[ko^(3)]A”“A哒[ta^(3)]A”两种形式,二者除了存在基本式外,还存在扩展式“A咯/哒AB”。句法功能上,“A咯[ko^(3)]A”可以作主语、宾语、定语、状语、补语,“A哒[ta^(3)]A”则只能充当定语和状语;语法意义上,前者可表“完整”“逐一”“离散状态”等义,而后者在表示“完整”“逐一”义的同时,还蕴含“主观大量”义;主观性上,前者是一种客观陈述,使用不受语境的感情色彩限制,后者则含有主观大量评价义,一般只在表达负面感情的语境里出现。

There are two forms of quantifiers overlap of"AXA"type in Hengnan Dialect:"A咯[ko^(3)]A"and"A哒[ta^(3)]A".In addition to the basic form,there is also an extended form of"A咯[ko^(3)]/哒[ta^(3)]AB".In terms of syntactic function,the former can be used as subject,object,attributive,adverbial and complement,while the latter can only be used as attributive and adverbial.In terms of grammar,the former can express the meaning of"complete""one by one"and"discrete state",while the latter contains the meaning of"subjective mass"besides"complete"and"one by one".In terms of subjectivity,the former is an objective statement,which is not limited by context,while the latter contains a large number of subjective evaluation meanings,which generally appear only in the context of expressing negative feelings.