煤气化渣配施平菇菌糠对矿区土壤中紫花苜蓿幼苗根系的影响

Effects of Coal Gasification Slag Combined with Pleurotus ostreatus Medium Residue on Root Growth of Alfalfa Seedlings in Soil of Coal Mine Areas

为了探究煤矿区土壤的修复与煤气化渣的合理利用,分别将重量百分比为10%、20%、30%和40%的煤气化渣和15%的平菇菌糠施入煤矿区污染土壤中,采用盆栽法研究了煤气化渣配施平菇菌糠对煤矿区污染土壤中紫花苜蓿幼苗根系生长的影响。结果表明:随着煤气化渣施用量的增加,紫花苜蓿幼苗根系的鲜重、干重和根系活力均有先升后降的趋势,各项指标均在煤气化渣施用量为30%(T3处理)时达到最大值,分别较没有施用煤气化渣但施用了15%平菇菌糠的处理(CK2)提高97.2%、71.4%和122.5%,且T3处理均显著高于其他处理;随着煤气化渣施用量的增加,紫花苜蓿幼苗根系的SOD、POD和CAT活性均有先升后降的趋势,均是T3处理的酶活性值达到最高,分别较CK2提高194.7%、22.9%和100.9%,且除T3处理的CAT活性与T4处理没有显著性差异外,T3处理的各酶活性指标均显著高于其他处理。因此,煤气化渣配施平菇菌糠能够通过提高根系活力、增加根系鲜重和干重,以及提高根系保护酶(POD、SOD、CAT)活性来增强紫花苜蓿幼苗的抗逆性,对修复煤矿区土壤有一定的效果,且以T3处理(施用30%煤气化渣和15%平菇菌糠)的效果最佳。

Aiming at the soil remediation and rational utilization of coal gasification slag in coal mine areas,a pot experiment of alfalfa(Medicago sativa),using"Zhongmu No.1"as test material,was conducted in the contaminated soil by respectively applying 10%,20%,30%and 40%coal gasification slag with 15%Pleurotus ostreatus medium residue(i.e.,T1,T2,T3 and T4,w/w).CK1 was a blank control,and CK2 contained 15%Pleurotus ostreatus medium residue without coal gasification slag.When the seedlings grew to three leaves,morphological indexes(dry weight,fresh weight)and physiological and biochemical indexes(root activity,superoxide dismutase activity,peroxidase activity,and catalase activity)of alfalfa seedling roots were determined to explore the effect of coal gasification slag and Pleurotus ostreatus medium residue combined application on alfalfa growth.The results showed as follows:generally,with the increase of applied amount of coal gasification slag,the root fresh weight,dry weight and vigor,and SOD,POD and CAT activities of"Zhongmu No.1"seedlings exhibited a trend from increase to decrease;they all peaked in T3,significantly increased by 97.2%,71.4%122.5%,194.7%,22.9%and 100.9%,respectively compared with CK2,and were also significantly higher than those in the other treatments except that CAT activity had no remarkable difference from that in T4.Comprehensively,T3(15%Pleurotus ostreatus medium residue+30%coal gasification slag)produced the optimum effects.In conclusion,the co-application of Pleurotus ostreatus medium residue and coal gasification slag can improve the root activity,contribute to the accumulation of dry matter in the root system and enhance the activity of antioxidant enzymes,so as to increase stress resistance of alfalfa seedlings,having positive significance for the soil remediation in mining areas.