脉冲激光相位涨落的量子随机数发生器

Quantum Random Number Generator for Pulse Laser Phase Fluctuation

针对目前量子随机数发生器(QRNG)无法同时满足量子密钥分发通信中对于随机数产生的高速及实时性需求的问题,文章改进了基于脉冲激光作为光源提取相位信息的QRNG方案,利用单模迈克尔逊干涉仪将随机相位信息转换成光强信息,再通过高速光电探测器(PD)转换为电信号,并采用16位250 MHz采样率的数/模转换器(ADC)以及50%的提取率,最终得到了1.1 Gbit/s的实时量子随机数产生速率。文章实现了一种高速、实时和集成化的QRNG设备,同时对比了该方案与连续激光作为光源在原理以及系统设计上的优势。基于脉冲激光光源的QRNG通过了我国信息通信研究院的各项测试,产品在稳定运行过程中所输出的随机数,均能通过国家密码管理局随机性测试文件GB/T 32915-2016中规定的15项测试标准以及美国国家标准与技术研究院(NIST)检测标准。

Aiming at the problem that the current Quantum Random Number Generator(QRNG) cannot simultaneously meet the high-speed and real-time requirements of random number generation in quantum key distribution communication, this paper improves the QRNG scheme based on pulse laser as light source to extract phase information. The random phase information is converted into light intensity information by single-mode Michelson interferometer, and then converted into electrical signal by high-speed Photo Detector(PD). Finally, the real-time quantum random number generation rate of 1.1 Gbit/s is obtained by using 16 bit Analog-to-Digital Converter(ADC) with 250 MHz sampling rate and 50% extraction rate. A high-speed, real-time and integrated QRNG equipment is realized. At the same time, the advantages of this scheme and continuous laser as light source in principle and system design are compared. QRNG based on pulsed laser light source has passed various tests of China Academy of Information and Communications. The random number output by the product in the process of stable operation can pass 15 test standards specified in the State Cryptography Administration randomness test document GB/T 32915-2016 and National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST) test standards.