急性发作支气管哮喘患儿粪便菌群特征及其与Th17细胞免疫功能的关系

The correlation between characteristics of faecal flora and immune function of Th17 cells in children with acute bronchial asthma

目的 研究急性发作支气管哮喘儿童粪便菌群特征及其与Th17细胞免疫功能的关系,为该类患儿的治疗提供参考。方法 选择2019年12月至2020年12月我院收治的96例急性发作支气管哮喘患儿为研究组,选择同期来我院进行粪便检查并结果正常的60例健康体检儿童为对照组。对比两组对象粪便菌群分布情况,外周血TGF-β_(1)、IL-17、Th17细胞、Treg细胞、Th17/Treg水平。采用Pearson相关分析患儿粪便菌群数量与Th17细胞免疫功能的相关性。结果 研究组患儿粪便中大肠埃希菌数量显著高于对照组,而乳杆菌和双歧杆菌数量显著低于对照组(均P<0.05)。研究组患儿外周血TGF-β_(1)、 IL-17、 Th17细胞、Th17/Treg水平显著高于对照组,而Treg细胞水平显著低于对照组(均P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析表明,哮喘患儿粪便大肠埃希菌数量与外周血TGF-β_(1)、 IL-17、 Th17细胞、 Th17/Treg水平呈正相关(r=0.528、0.714、0.524、0.572,均P<0.05),与外周血Treg细胞水平呈负相关(r=-0.439,P<0.05)。哮喘患儿粪便乳杆菌数量与外周血Treg细胞水平呈正相关(r=0.459, P<0.05),与外周血TGF-β_(1)、 IL-17、 Th17细胞、Th17/Treg水平呈负相关(r=-0.457、-0.692、-0.491、-0.563,均P<0.05)。哮喘患儿粪便双歧杆菌数量与外周血Treg细胞水平呈正相关(r=0.462,P<0.05),与外周血TGF-β_(1)、IL-17、Th17细胞、Th17/Treg水平呈负相关(r=-0.496、-0.729、-0.542、-0.558,均P<0.05)。结论 急性发作支气管哮喘患儿肠道优势菌数量减少,肠道机会致病菌数量增加,并与Th17细胞免疫功能存在一定联系。

Objective To explore the relationship between the characteristics of fecal flora and Th17 cell immune function in children with acute bronchial asthma(ABA), and provide a reference for the treatment. Methods A total of 96 children with ABA admitted to our hospital from December 2019 to December 2020 were selected as the observation group.Sixty healthy children with normal fecal examination results were selected as the control group. The distribution of fecal flora and the levels of TGF-β_(1), IL-17, Th17, Treg and Th17/Treg in peripheral blood were compared between the two groups. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the distribution of fecal flora and the immune function of Th17 cells. Results The count of fecal Escherichia coli in the observation group was significantly higher, while the counts of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were significantly lower than those in the control group, respectively(all P<0.05);the levels of TGF-β_(1), IL-17, Th17 cell and Th17/Treg in the peripheral blood of the children in the observation group were significantly higher, while that of Treg in peripheral blood was significantly lower than those in the control group, respectively(all P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the distribution of Escherichia coli was positively correlated with the levels of TGF-β_(1), IL-17, Th17 cell, Th17/Treg in peripheral blood(r=0.528, 0.714, 0.524,0.572;all P<0.05), and negatively correlated with the level of peripheral Treg(r=-0.439, P<0.05). The abundance of Lactobacillus in asthmatic children was positively correlated with Treg levels in peripheral blood(r=0.459, P<0.05), and negatively correlated with TGF-β_(1), IL-17, Th17 cell, Th17/Treg levels in peripheral blood(r=-0.457,-0.692,-0.491,-0.563, all P<0.05);The abundance of Bifidobacterium in asthmatic children was positively correlated with Treg cell levels in peripheral blood(r=0.462, P<0.05), and negatively correlated with TGF-β_(1), IL-17, Th17 cell, Th17/Treg levels in peripheral blood(r=-0.496,-0.729,-0.542,-0.558;all P<0.05). Conclusion In children with acute bronchial asthma,the distribution of intestinal dominant bacteria decreased and the distribution of intestinal opportunistic pathogens increased, which may be related to the immune function of Th17 cells.