护理实习生压力源调查及影响因素分析

Stressors of nursing interns and its influencing factors

目的探讨护理实习生压力源现状及其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2020年9月—2021年6月在哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院实习的750名护理实习生进行问卷调查。采用多重线性回归分析压力源的影响因素。结果共发放问卷750份,回收有效问卷732份。51.23%(375/732)护理实习生处于高压力状态,39.89%(292/732)处于中等压力状态,压力源主要为轮转科室工作性质所带来的心理冲击、学生认为自身理论基础差和学习与工作冲突担心找不到满意工作3个方面。年龄、性格、是否自愿选择护理专业、是否喜欢护理专业、是否有过护理实习及见习经历、已经实习的时间是压力源的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论结合护理实习生压力源及影响因素,有针对性地提出缓解护理实习生压力的措施,帮助其维持身心健康、快速完成角色转换,同时为改进临床护理教学方法、提高护理实习生教育质量提供参考依据。

Objective To explore the current situation and influencing factors of stressors among nursing interns.Methods From September 2020 to June 2021,750 nursing interns who practiced in the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University were selected by convenience sampling for the questionnaire survey.Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of stressors.Results A total of 750 questionnaires were distributed,and 732 valid questionnaires were recovered.A total of 51.23%(375/732)nursing interns were under high pressure,and 39.89%(292/732)were under medium pressure.The main stressors were the psychological impact brought by the nature of the work in the rotation department,the students'perception of their poor theoretical foundation and the fear of not finding a satisfactory job due to the conflict between study and work.Age,personality,whether to choose nursing specialty voluntarily,whether to like nursing specialty,whether to have nursing practice and probation experience,and the time of practice were the influencing factors of stressors(P<0.05).Conclusions In combination with the stressors and their influencing factors of nursing interns,we should propose targeted measures to relieve the pressure of nursing interns,help them maintain their physical and mental health,quickly complete the role transition,and provide a reference for improving clinical nursing teaching methods and the quality of education of nursing interns.