西方古典园林环境设计中的营造技法

The Construction Techniques for the Environment Design of Western Classical Garden

对西方古典园林的描述,包含着纵向上的时间维度与横向上的空间维度,相继更迭出现的不同流派也成为园林发展的不竭动力。在呈现的结果与风格上,中西方的园林也有着本质的区别。这促使人们要结合不同地域自然的、历史的、哲学的、宗教的背景,去探寻挖掘其背后的造园理念。中西方人在思维方式上各有侧重,中国人注重用形象思维设计,而西方人则更侧重用抽象思维设计。前者侧重结合主观判断和情感进行营造;后者强调运用概念、判断、推理等思维形式反映事物本质。本文结合西方古典园林的发展历程,论证其背后的环境设计营造技法。

The description of the western classical garden contains the vertical dimension of time and the horizontal dimension of space,and the emergence of different schools have become the inexhaustible power for the development of the garden.There are also essential differences between Chinese and Western gardens in the results and styles presented.This requires us to combine the natural,historical,philosophical and religious backgrounds of different regions to explore the gardening concepts.Chinese people pay more attention to image thinking,while westerners tend to abstract thinking.The former focuses on combining subjective judgment and emotional cognition,while the latter emphasizes the use of concept,judgment,reasoning and other thinking forms to reflect the essence of things.Based on the development of western classical gardens,this paper demonstrates the construction techniques of the environment design behind them.