直流有刷电机驱动及调速技术研究

Research of Brush DC Motor Drive and Speed Control Technology

直流电机广泛应用于车身领域的零件中,比如汽车门锁、摇窗机、雨刮、天窗和电动门等。通过控制直流电机,可实现车身零件的自动化运行及指定的功能。文章首先介绍了直流有刷电机的原理,并提出3种电机驱动方案及芯片选型方案,从各维度比较分析了各种方案的优缺点。再从电机调速原理出发,提出电机调速解决方案。最后提出一种以单片机为系统核心的直流电机控制硬件电路,并通过编程实现相应的驱动及调速方案。

Brush DC motor is widely used in vehicle body parts, such as vehicle latch, power window, power wiper, power sunroof, power door and so on. By controlling the DC motor, the automatic operation of body parts and the specified functions can be realized. Firstly, the principle of the brush DC motor is introduced, and three motor drive schemes and chip selection schemes are proposed, and the advantages and disadvantages of each scheme are compared and analyzed from various dimensions. Then, based on the principle of motor speed regulation, the motor speed regulation solution is proposed.Finally, a DC motor control hardware circuit based on MCU is proposed, and the corresponding drive and speed regulation scheme is realized by programming.