方玉润诗学思想中的义理因素

On the Giri of Fang Yurun’s Poetic Theory

方玉润是晚清颇有成就的诗人与学者,其《诗经原始》一书,将《诗经》作为文学作品加以解读,但又未能完全摆脱传统诗教观,与其《星烈日记汇要》合观,可见方氏诗学思想。方氏认为诗情充塞天地之间,义理根源于外物对作者之感发,也离不开作者内心之情志,主张“诗言志”,论诗重义理、重气节,但能辩证看待诗品与人品之关系,在众多诗歌风格中,又从义理的角度出发,推崇雄健诗风,欲以昂扬之气矫性灵之流弊。

Fang Yurun was an accomplished poet as well as a scholar in the late Qing Dynasty.His Book of Songs Original interpreted Book of Songs as a literary work,but he could not get rid of the traditional view of poetry,so we can see Fang’s poetics thought.Fang Yurun holds that poetic sentiment is full of Heaven and Earth,and that giri is rooted in the feeling of external things to the author,as well as in the author’s inner feelings.He maintains that“Poetry expresses aspirations”,and poetry emphasizes justice and integrity,but he can dialectically view the relationship between poetry and character.Among the numerous poetic styles,he praised the vigorous poetic style from the angle of giri,and wanted to use high-spirited style to correct the ills of the Spiritual School.