中德学生对待双元制职业教育的态度比较——基于霍夫斯泰德的文化维度理论

Comparison of Chinese and German Students'Attitudes toward Dual⁃System Vocational Education--Based on Hofstede's Cultural Dimension Theory

源于德国的双元制职业教育具有众多的优长之处,但是进入中国后这些优点却始终无法真正在实践中得以体现。如何使双元制职业教育适应中国经济社会和教育发展,也就成为行业和学术界的一个重要议题。学生作为双元制职业教育的接受者,在这一过程中应该得到更集中的关注。有研究表明文化因素会促进或抑制学生的学习选择。所以,造成双元制职业教育在中国“水土不服”的部分原因是两国文化的差异性。文章以中德两国文化差异为导向,以贝雷迪比较模型为分析框架,从霍夫斯泰德的文化维度理论中的不确定性规避和权力距离出发,描述、解释、比较不同文化背景下学生对待双元制职业教育的态度,以探讨如何克服文化差异,让双元制职业教育被中国学生普遍接受。

The dual⁃system vocational education dual system vocational education originated in Germany has many advantages,but it has never been able to be truly implemented after entering China.How to adapt the dual⁃system vocational education to the development of Chinese society and education has become an important issue in the industry and academia.As the Educatee of dual⁃system vocational education,students should receive more concentrated attention in this process.There are studies show that cultural factors can promote or inhibit students'learning choices.So,we can guess part of the reason why dual⁃system vocational education is"unacceptable"in China is the cultural differences.What are the different attitudes of students toward dual⁃system vocational education in Chinese and German cultural contexts?Taking Beredi's comparative model as the analytical framework and adopting the uncertainty avoidance and power distance in Hofstede's cultural dimension theory as theories base.This paper describes,explains,juxtaposes,and compares Sino⁃German students'attitudes towards dual⁃system vocational education to explain this"unacceptable"and explore how to overcome cultural differences to help dual⁃system vocational education be accepted smoothly among Chinese students.