从“锁定”到“进阶”:中西部高等教育振兴的路径依赖及可能方案

From "Lock-in" to "Advancement" :Approaches and Possible Solutions to the Revitalization of Higher Education in Central and Western China

缘于“西部意识”的掣肘、空间布局的结构性矛盾、专项政策上的弱干预等,“中西部高等教育”作为一个重要概念在社会认知、技术路线、政策制定的三重诱因下得以形成。而外延式扩展的发展方式、纺锤形的办学层次结构、中央和省级政府两级管理分别导致了中西部高等教育振兴的认知锁定、技术锁定和制度锁定,从而成为中西部高等教育振兴过程中的三种路径依赖形式。树立质量强校的价值理念,把内涵式发展作为振兴工作的重中之重;构建金字塔型的办学层次结构,走特色型而非全面型的发展道路;加大对中西部高等学校的支持,扩大省级政府的统筹管理权限,是中西部高等教育振兴从“锁定”到“进阶”的可能方案。

Owing to the constraints from "western consciousness," the structural contradictions in spatial layout,and the weak intervention from special policies,the important concept of "higher education in central and western China" has come into existence. The outward expansion,the spinning cone-shaped university-running structure,and the two-tier management by the Central Government and provincial governments have led to cognitive lock-in,technical lock-in and institutional lock-in,respectively,which have become three approaches in the revitalization of higher education in central and western China. The possible solutions to promoting the revitalization of higher education in central and western China from "lock-in" to "advancement" include the following:Establishing the values of quality-based university running,and focusing on connotative development in the revitalization of higher education;building a pyramid-shaped university-running structure,and taking the path of developing higher education with characteristics rather than with the orientation to all-round development;and offering more support to higher education in central and western China,and expanding the overall management by provincial governments.