长三角地区土地利用功能权衡的空间特征及其影响机制

Spatial characteristics and influencing mechanism of trade-offs between multiple land use functions in the Yangtze River Delta region

经济发达区资源环境优化配置与国土空间质量提升是可持续发展领域关注的热点问题。科学认知不同类型土地利用功能间权衡关系及其空间特征、形成机制,有效调控和管理多种土地利用功能,是实现区域可持续发展目标的重要途径。本文以长三角地区为例,构建土地利用功能分类框架与评价指标体系,集成多源遥感、土地利用和社会经济统计等数据,利用InVEST、RUSLE以及均方根误差、地理探测器等模型方法,基于县域尺度定量评估区域各项土地利用功能,重点分析不同功能间权衡关系及其空间特征、影响机制,划定土地利用功能分区,探寻差别化土地利用功能调控路径。研究发现:(1)长三角地区农业生产功能与非农生产、生活保障2项功能权衡高值区主要分布在上海、苏州、无锡等沿江平原区,生态服务功能与农业生产、非农生产、生活保障3项功能权衡高值区主要分布在浙江和安徽两省的西南部等山地丘陵区;(2)土地垦殖率和年平均降水量、坡度等自然环境条件对农业生产功能影响较大,城镇化率是非农生产、生活保障2项功能的最主要影响因子,自然环境条件和土地利用结构均对生态服务功能具有较高影响;(3)长三角地区可划分为弱功能区、单一功能区、双功能共生区、多功能共生区4种类型分区,不同分区土地利用功能特征差异明显,据此提出差异化分区调控策略。本文结论有助于强化对土地科学研究领域的认知,支撑国土空间规划与管理决策。

Optimal allocation of resources and environmental factors,as well as the quality improvement of territorial space in economically developed areas are hot topics in the field of sustainable development research.Understanding the trade-offs between multiple land use functions and their spatial characteristics,influencing mechanisms,and effectively regulating and managing various land use functions(LUFs)are important ways to achieve regional sustainable development goals.Taking the Yangtze River Delta region as an example,this study proposed a LUF classification framework and evaluation indicator system and integrated data from multisource remote sensing,land use,and socioeconomic statistics to quantify multiple LUFs using InVEST,RUSLE,root mean square error,and geographical detectors at the county scale.We also focused on analyzing the trade-offs between multiple LUFs and their spatial characteristics,and influencing mechanisms.We delineated distinct LUF zones,and explored the differential regulation paths for different LUF zones.The results show that:(1)High-value areas of the trade-offs between agricultural production function and non-agricultural production function as well as agricultural production function and living security function in the region are mainly distributed on the riverside plains,such as the cities of Shanghai,Suzhou,and Wuxi.High-value areas of the tradeoffs for ecological service function and the other three LUFs agricultural production function,nonagricultural production function,and living security function are mainly distributed in the mountainous and hilly areas of southwestern Zhejiang and Anhui Provinces;(2)The natural environment factors such as land reclamation rate,annual average precipitation,and slope have a greater impact on the agricultural production function as compared to other functions.Urbanization rate is the most important factor affecting the two functions of non-agricultural production and life security.Both natural environment factors and land use structure have a high impact on the ecological service function;(3)The Yangtze River Delta region can be divided into four types of sub-regions weak function zone,single function zone,dual-function co-existence zone,and multifunction co-existence zone.The LUFs showed significant differences in distinct sub-regions.Therefore,we proposed different regional regulation strategies for these sub-regions.This study will help to strengthen the understanding of the land science research and assist decision making for land spatial planning and management.