水培韭菜安全生产标准化技术集成与应用

Integration and Application of Standardized Technology for Safety Production of Hydroponic Allium Tuberosum

本文依托现代农业理念,针对水培韭菜安全生产的需求,以应用农业综合标准化为切入点,构建了水培韭菜安全生产标准化技术体系,主要是水培技术(品种选择、优化水培循环系统、优化营养液条件等),病虫害防治(棚室消毒,黄,蓝板监测害虫,防虫网防虫,天敌控制害虫,药肥同施,专一性农药与诊断等),环境控制(温湿度监测、水温调控、营养液浓度调控等)等技术的协同运用及高效集成,在此基础上,结合企业生产实际情况,按照全产业链标准体系建设思路,构建"全程标准化管理+水培韭菜安全生产技术"全程标准化管控模式,内容覆盖水培韭菜生产的13个环节、41项生产要素,涉及各类国家标准、行业标准、地方标准44项,制定企业标准5项.为企业同步配备先进的生产设备,通过在企业进行试点试验,减轻灰霉病、蓟马、蚜虫、韭菜迟眼蕈蚊的发生,达到有效控制病虫害,实现农药用药量降低40%,用水量降低13.5%,产量增加14%,产值增加15%的目标.在全市范围内提供了可看、可学、可借鉴的水培韭菜安全生产标准化管控模式,起到示范、引领作用.

Based on the concept of modern agriculture,in view of the demands for safety production of hydroponic Allium tuberosum,and from the perspective of comprehensive standardization of agriculture,the standards system of hydroponic Allium tuberosum’s safety production technology is established by comprehensively integrating and using technologies,such as hydroponic technology(variety screening,optimization of hydroponic circulation system,optimization of nutrient solution conditions),pest control(disinfection,yellow and blue board monitoring of pests,pest control by insect prevention nets,pest control by natural enemies,simultaneous application of drugs and fertilizers,specific pesticides and diagnostics),environmental control(temperature and humidity monitoring,water temperature control,concentration of nutrient solution).On this basis,the research creates a standardized management and control mode of“the whole process standardized management+safety production technology of hydroponic Allium tuberosum”,covering 13 links and 41 production factors of hydroponic Allium tuberosum production,involving 44 national standards,industrial standards and local standards,and developing 5 enterprise standards.At the same time,enterprises are equipped with advanced production equipment.Through pilot tests in the agribusiness,the occurrence of Botrytis cinerea,thrip,aphid,and Bradysia cellarum is reduced,which effectively controls diseases and pests,and achieves the goal of reducing pesticide use by 40%,reducing water consumption by 13.5%,increasing output by 14%,and increasing output value by 15%.The research provides a standardized management and control mode for the safety production of hydroponic Allium tuberosum that can be seen,learned and used for reference throughout the city,playing a demonstration and leading role.