2015-2019年重庆市北碚区梅毒流行病学特征分析

Analysis on epidemiologic features of syphilis in Beibei District,Chongqing from 2015 to 2019

目的了解重庆市北碚区梅毒流行病学特征及趋势,为制定梅毒防制措施和策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对2015-2019年重庆市北碚区梅毒报告病例资料进行分析。结果2015-2019年重庆市北碚区共报告梅毒病例2195例,年平均发病率为56.34/10万,总体呈上升趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=8.583,P<0.05);隐性梅毒发病率从2015年的47.19/10万上升到2019年的61.16/10万,变化趋势差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)_(趋势)=15.187,P<0.01)。男性发病率为56.30/10万,女性发病率为56.37/10万,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.001,P>0.05)。男性发病率呈上升趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=19.800,P<0.01)。20~<45岁(育龄期)女性梅毒发病率高于同年龄组男性,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=71.652,P<0.01)。梅毒发病逐渐呈老龄化趋势,60岁以上男性尤其明显。职业以家务和待业者、农民及离退人员为主。天生街道、北温泉街道和歇马街道报告发病数占全区总数的34.67%。结论2015-2019年重庆市北碚区梅毒年报告发病率呈上升趋势,其中隐性梅毒增长明显。需加大梅毒筛查力度,根据疫情特点制定精准的防控措施,控制梅毒流行。

Objective To provide scientific basis for formulating control measures and strategies for syphilis by understanding epidemiologic features and trend of syphilis in Beibei District,Chongqing.Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was applied to analyze the reported syphilis cases in Beibei District,Chongqing from 2015 to 2019.Results From 2015 to 2019,a total of 2195 cases of syphilis with an average annual incidence rate of 56.34/100000 were reported in Beibei District,Chongqing,and the overall incidence rate increased(χ^(2)_(trend)=8.583,P<0.05).The incidence rate of latent syphilis rose from 47.19/100000 in 2015 to 61.16/100000 in 2019,and the difference in the change trend was statistically significant(χ^(2)_(trend)=15.187,P<0.01).The incidence rate of male and female patients was 56.30/100000 and 56.37/100000,respectively,and the difference wasn′t statistically significant(χ^(2)=0.001,P>0.05).The incidence rate of male patients was on the rise(χ^(2)_(trend)=19.800,P<0.01).The incidence rate of syphilis in women aged equal to or greater than 20 years old and less than 45 years old was higher than that in male patients of the same age group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=71.652,P<0.01).The incidence of syphilis was gradually aging,especially in men over 60 years old.The main occupations were housework&unemployed subjects,farmers and retirees.Tiansheng Sub-district,Beiwenquan Sub-district and Xiema Sub-district accounted for 34.67%of the total number of reported cases.Conclusion From 2015 to 2019,the annually reported incidence rate of syphilis in Beibei District,Chongqing is on the rise,and latent syphilis is increasing significantly.It is necessary to tighten syphilis screening and formulate accurate prevention and control measures according to the features of the epidemic situation to control the prevalence of syphilis.