2020年北京市平谷区中小学生和家长奶及奶制品知识、行为现况分析

Analysis on milk & dairy products-related nutrition knowledge and milk-drinking behaviors of primary and middle school students and parents from Pinggu District, Beijing in 2020

目的了解2020年北京市平谷区中小学生和家长奶及奶制品相关营养知识知晓情况、饮奶行为及其影响因素,为采取营养干预措施提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,对平谷区2所小学、2所初中和1所高中共10个年级的686名学生及676名家长进行问卷调查,对结果进行统计分析。结果2020年北京市平谷区中小学生奶及奶制品相关营养知识知晓率最高的为奶及奶制品富含钙(91.54%)、奶及奶制品富含优质蛋白质(85.42%),知晓率最低的为《中国居民膳食指南(2016)》推荐儿童每日饮奶量(以液态奶计)为300 g(47.81%)。家长知晓率中,最高项为蛋白质为奶及奶制品选择的重要指标(80.62%),知晓率最低的为《中国居民膳食指南(2016)》推荐儿童每日饮奶量(以液态奶计)为300 g(48.37%)。小学生和初中生获取相关知识主要途径的第1位为家人(43.88%、43.92%),高中生和家长获取相关知识主要途径的第1位为网络(41.80%、42.42%)。81.33%的学生如果想食用奶及奶制品,经常能够得到。零食中,面包或饼干(41.35%)是首选,奶及奶制品位居第3位,在蔬菜水果之后。中小学生每日奶制品摄入时间以早餐居多,占50.15%。结论2020年北京市平谷区中小学生和家长对奶及奶制品知识知晓率较低,饮奶行为少。需采取措施加强营养教育,以提高学生营养素养水平,促进学生身体健康。

Objective To provide the basis for adoption of nutritional intervention measures by evaluating the awareness details for milk&dairy products-related nutrition knowledge,milk-drinking behavior of primary and middle school students in Pinggu District,Beijing in 2020 and corresponding factors.Methods The multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was adopted to conduct the questionnaire survey on 686 students and 676 parents from 2 elementary schools,2 junior high schools and 1 senior high schools in Pinggu District,Beijing,and the results were statistically analyzed.Results In 2020,Pinggu District,Beijing primary and middle school students expressed maximum awareness rate for milk&dairy products-related nutrition knowledge involving milk&dairy products rich in calcium(91.54%)and high-quality protein(85.42%),and minimum awareness rate for daily milk dose of milk(counted in liquid milk)in 300 g(47.81%)recommended by Dietary Guidelines of Chinese Residents(2016).Parents showed maximum awareness rate on the item was that the protein was an important selection index for milk&dairy products(80.62%),and minimum awareness rate on the item that was milk dose of milk(counted in liquid milk)in 300 g(48.37%)recommended by Dietary Guidelines of Chinese Residents(2016).The primary approach for elementary and junior high school students to acquire relevant knowledge was family(43.88%,43.92%),and that for high school students and parents was the Internet(41.80%,42.42%).The 81.33%students showed normally they could get if they wanted to eat milk&dairy products.The bread or biscuits(41.35%)were the preferred choice for snacks,and milk&dairy products ranked the third place,immediately following fruits and vegetables.The breakfast was found to be dominant daily intake of dairy products by primary and middle school students,accounting for 50.15%.Conclusion In 2020,Pinggu District,Beijing primary and middle school students and their parents have low awareness rate for milk&dairy products,and their milk drinking behaviors are low.Measures remain being required to be taken to strengthen nutrition education for parents and primary and secondary school students to improve students′nutritional literacy level and promote their health.