珠三角城乡区域手卫生家庭教育影响因素分析

Analysis on factors influencing family education on hand hygiene in rural-urban fringe of the Pearl River Delta

目的 分析珠三角城乡区域儿童手卫生家庭教育的影响因素,为儿童家庭健康行为干预和传染病防控提供科学依据。方法 于2019年11月—2020年1月在佛山市南海区采用二阶段PPS随机抽样方法对全区19所公立医院儿科门诊的2 541名儿童家长进行问卷调查。结果 家长手卫生知识处于高水平的有999名,占39.32%;评定具有手卫生技能的家长有997名,占39.24%;表示在家会教导儿童洗手的家长有1 844名,占72.57%。多因素logistic回归分析显示,与不能按七步洗手法的家长相比,偶尔能的家长开展手卫生家庭教育行为下降34.60%;家长年龄>35岁(>35~40岁家长OR=1.931,>40岁家长OR=1.872)、儿童年龄<2岁(OR=13.239)、儿童接受诊疗服务(OR=1.475)、家长未掌握洗手技能(OR=1.365)、能用肥皂/洗手液洗手(OR=2.028)和每次洗手搓洗至少20 s(OR=1.693)为家长开展手卫生家庭教育的促进因素。结论 建议根据儿童的年龄特征、家长的育儿和教育期望等需求提供针对性的手卫生健康教育。

Objective To provide scientific basis for family health behavioral interventions and prevention & control over infectious diseases by analyzing the factors influencing family education on hand hygiene for children in rural-urban fringe of the Pearl River Delta.Methods A two-stage Probability Proportionate to Size Sampling(PPS) random sampling study design was applied to conduct questionnaires on parents of 2 541 children attending pediatric clinics of 19 public hospital in the Nanhai District, Foshan from November 2019 to January 2020.Results The 999 parents were found to have high hand hygiene knowledge level, accounting for 39.32%,997 parents were certified to have proper hand hygiene techniques, accounting 39.24%,and 1 844 parents expressed the willingness to teach their children to wash hands at home, accounting for 72.57%.Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the behaviors of parents occasionally implementing the family education on hand hygiene was lowered by 34.60% compared to those failed to follow seven steps of hand washing.Parents over 35 years old(parents>35-40 years old, OR=1.931;parents >40 years old, OR=1.872),age of the child less than 2 years old(OR=13.239),medical services received by children(OR=1.475),parents′ failure to acquire proper hand hygiene techniques(OR=1.365),parents′ capacity of washing their hands with soap or hand sanitizer(OR=2.028),and duration of parents′ scrubbing hands at least 20 seconds each time(OR=1.693) were factors promoting parents to conduct family education on hand hygiene to children.Conclusion Targeted hand hygiene health education is advised to be provided based on age characteristics, parenting and educational expectations of parents and other requirements.