不同核酸检测系统对献血者检测结果的影响

Influence of different nucleic acid test systems on blood donor test results

目的 通过对核酸阳性献血者的追踪检测和不同核酸检测系统的对比,探索献血者真实感染状况和再次献血的可能性。方法 对2016年~2021潍坊市年献血筛查中410例核酸阳性献血者,按追踪流程和检验模式成功追踪273例进行再检、转阳、确认、补充4项追踪实验,将PCR和TMA两种检测系统按PCR拆分阳性、TMA鉴别阳性和TMA联检阳性(鉴别阴性)分3组进行实验数据比较及归队效果分析。结果 两种核酸系统再检实验比较,HBV-DNA 3组间PCR,TMA再检阳性、双阳及总阳性均差异有显著性(P<0.05),PCR,TMA两系统间再检阳性比较,差异均无显著性(P>0.05);其他双阳、转阳、确认和补充实验3组比较,差异均有显著性(P<0.05),PCR,TMA两组(系统)比较,差异均无显著性(P>0.05);归队献血率3.90%.结论 利用多种实验方法追踪验证核酸阳性献血者,对提高核酸检测水平和保护献血者合法权益有着重要意义。

Objective To explore the true infection status of blood donors and the possibility of re-donating blood via the tracking detection of nucleic acid positive blood donors and the comparison of different nucleic acid detection systems.Methods A total of 410 blood donors with positive nucleic acid in Weifang annual blood donation screening from 2016 to 2021 were successfully tracked.According to the tracking process and testing mode, 273 cases were successfully tracked for retesting, positive conversion, confirmation and supplement.Then the two detection systems of PCR and TMA were divided into three groups according to PCR resolution positive, TMA differential positive and TMA joint positive(differential negative).The experimental data were compared and the effect of returning to the team was analyzed.Results There were significant differences in PCR,TMA retest, double positive and total positive of HBV-DNA among the three groups.There was no difference in re-detection between PCR and TMA systems(P>0.05).There were significant differences among the three groups in other double Yang, positive conversion, confirmation and supplementary experiments(P<0.05).There was no difference in PCR and TMA between the two groups(system)(P>0.05).The returning blood donation rate was 3.90%.Conclusion Using a variety of experimental methods to track and verify nucleic acid positive blood donors is of great significance to improve the level of nucleic acid detection and protect the legitimate rights and interests of blood donors.