清代沿海政区海域勘界及其影响

Maritime Boundary Settlement of Coastal Administrative Divisions in the Qing Dynasty and its Influence

清代国家将近海海域属沿海政区管辖。由于此前未曾进行过海域勘界工作,致使相邻政区之间海域边界混淆不清的状况长期存在,极不利于清王朝对海洋疆土的治理和控制。为解决海界纠纷、规范海域管理,在中央政府主导下,沿海地方在清前期至清中后期开展了一系列海域勘界活动,进而在制度上将海疆区域纳入大一统王朝的疆域版图。受此影响,清人的疆界观也发生了明显变化,并在沿海政区地方志的编纂和书写中深刻体现出来。海域勘界,反映了清代海疆空间持续拓展的历史过程,同时也是清王朝海域管理清晰化走向深入的有力体现。

In the Qing dynasty, the offshore sea area was under the jurisdiction of coastal administrative regions.As no maritime boundary settlement had been conducted before, the maritime boundary between coastal administrative regions had been vague for a long time, and it was extremely detrimental to the governance and control of the maritime territory of the Qing Empire.In order to solve maritime boundary disputes and standardize marine management, the local governments of the coastal regions under the leadership of the central government had carried out a series of maritime boundary settlement activities from the early Qing dynasty to the middle and late Qing dynasty;thus, the marine territory had been gradually incorporated into the territory of the great unified dynasty at the institutional level.As a result, the boundary consciousness of the people in the Qing dynasty also changed a lot, which found full expression in the compilation and writing of local chronicles of coastal administrative regions.On the whole, the maritime boundary settlement reflects the historical process of the continuous expansion of the marine territory in the Qing dynasty and also embodies vividly the continuous improvement of the marine territorial management level of the Qing Empire.