昆虫植食对植物有性生殖的影响

Effects of insect herbivory on plant sexual reproduction

植物在个体发育的各个阶段都与不同的群落成员相互作用,如竞争的植物、有益的传粉者和敌对的植食动物。昆虫植食在各类生态系统中普遍存在,并可能对植物有性生殖产生各种影响。植食昆虫可通过对植物有性生殖结构的消耗直接对植物生殖产生影响,也可通过影响植物资源分配和花性状等改变传粉者服务,从而间接对植物有性生殖带来正面、负面或中性的影响。同一植物的植食昆虫和传粉者往往对植物的吸引性状(如花大小、气味、颜色等)有相同的偏好,因此植食者与传粉者均能对植物有性生殖性状施加选择压力。本文从昆虫植食对植物有性生殖的直接影响、间接影响以及植食昆虫对植物有性生殖性状选择的影响三个方面进行综述,以期为昆虫植食和生物资源多样性保护相关研究提供参考。

Plants interact with different community members at each stage of ontogenesis,such as competing plants,beneficial pollinators,and antagonistic herbivores. Insect herbivory is widespread in various ecosystems and may have diverse effects on plant sexual reproduction. Herbivorous insects can directly affect plant reproduction by consuming sexual reproductive structures of plants,and can also affect pollinator services by influencing plant resource allocation and flower traits,thereby indirectly having a positive,negative or neutral impact on plant sexual reproduction. Herbivorous insects and pollinators of the same plant tend to have the same preference for plant attraction traits(e. g.,flower size,odour,colour),so both of them can impose selection pressures on sexual reproductive traits of plants. In this paper,we review the direct and indirect effects of insect herbivory on plant sexual reproduction,and the influence of herbivorous insects on selection of plant traits involving sexual reproduction,in order to provide a reference for the research on insect herbivory and diversity conservation of biological resources.