篮状菌属微生物次级代谢产物研究进展

Advance of studies on secondary metabolites of the genus Talaromyces

天然产物的主要来源之一是微生物,不同于其他的生物资源,真菌菌种相对容易选育和保藏、适应力较强,可通过大规模发酵获取产物,更具有利于自然资源的可持续发展性和利用价值。篮状菌(Talaromyces sp.)及其次级代谢产物在天然色素上的研究受到科学家的青睐,同时在食品、环境、农业和医药等方面发挥了重要作用,尤其是海洋来源的篮状菌及其次级代谢物表现出显著的生物活性,例如杀虫、抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗病毒等。近来研究表明,篮状菌次级代谢产物根据生物合成的方式可以分为六大类:萜类(terpenes)、生物碱类(fumiquinazolines)、聚酮类(polyketides)、聚酯类(lactones)、醌类(quinones)和甾体类(steroids),这些活性物质对促进药物的先导物质挖掘与开发具有重要意义。本文通过对文献和资料的查阅,总结了近年来篮状菌及其次级代谢物的研究开发进展,希望为后续研究和应用提供参考。

One of the main sources of natural products is microorganisms. Different from other biological resources,fungi are relatively easy to breed and preserve and have strong adaptability. Fungal products can be obtained through large-scale fermentation,which is more conducive to the sustainable development and utilization value of natural resources.The research of Talaromyces sp. and its secondary metabolites in natural pigments is favored by scientists. At the same time,it plays an important role in food,environment,agriculture,medicine and so on. In particular,Talaromyces sp.and its secondary metabolites from marine sources show significant biological activities,such as insecticide,anti-tumor,antibacterial,antiviral and so on. Recent studies have shown that the secondary metabolites can be divided into six categories according to the biosynthesis mode:terpenes,fumiquinazolines,polyketides,lactones,quinones and steroids.These active substances are of great significance to promote the mining and development of drug lead substances. This paper summarizes the research and development progress of Talaromyces sp. and its secondary metabolites in recent years,hoping to provide reference for subsequent research and application.