信念与人力资本投资研究进展

Research Progress on Beliefs and Human Capital Investment

经典人力资本投资理论认为,决策者根据成本和收益寻找最优人力资本投资水平。但是,现实中人力资本投资收益存在不确定性,个体只能根据对成本和收益的主观判断做出决策。近年来,信念在人力资本投资决策研究领域得到了广泛关注。本文系统梳理了人力资本投资研究中关于信念的研究进展,包括教育决策中信念的分类与衡量;父母和学生的信念对于人力资本投资决策的影响;信念偏差的表现、起因和影响;信念纠偏的信息干预途径及其影响等。本文的梳理有助于深化对人力资本积累理论的理解,同时也为优化家庭人力资本投资提供了重要的经验依据和政策启示。

The human capital investment theory holds that decision makers seek the optimal level of human capital investment based on costs and benefits.However,in reality,the return to human capital investment is uncertain,and individuals can only make decisions based on their subjective judgments about costs and benefits.In recent years,the belief has received extensive attention in the research field of human capital investment decisions.This paper systematically discusses recent studies on beliefs in human capital investment decisions.This paper covers the topics of the measurement and analytical methods of beliefs in educational decision-making,the effects of parents'and children's beliefs on investment decisions,the manifestations,causes,and consequences of belief biases,and the informational interventions to change beliefs along with their effects on behaviors and outcomes.This overview aids researchers'comprehension of the human capital theory,and provides empirical evidence and policy implications for optimizing human capital investments.