黄帝神话的在地化生产及其文化产业开发

The Local Production of the Yellow Emperor Myth and Its Cultural Industry Development

黄帝原本是始祖神,是上古神话中的文化英雄和战争英雄,后来被历史化和仙话化。黄帝神话流传广泛,在各地均实现在地化生产,黄帝口头叙事与各地山水、古迹结合起来,形成多个黄帝陵、轩辕庙,朝廷选择其中一个陵或庙加以祭祀。陕北黄帝陵在中唐藩镇割据的历史背景下被纳入国家祭典。朝廷通过遣使祭祀强化对黄帝的始祖信仰,昭示皇权的正统性。各地的黄帝陵庙都是文化圣地。当代旅游的开发和非遗保护的兴起,使黄帝陵庙及相关祭典成为文化产业开发的依托,有些地区的黄帝神话旅游产业已成为当地支柱产业。

Originally being a primogenitor god,Yellow Emperor was a cultural and war hero in ancient mythology,and was later historicized and immortalized.The Yellow Emperor myth is wide-spread,and has been locally produced in various places.The word-of-mouth circulation of the Yellow Emperor myth was combined with the local landscapes and historic sites,and brought forth quite a number of Yellow Emperor Mausoleums and Xuanyuan Temples.The imperial courts chose one of the mausoleums or temples for worship.The Yellow Emperor Mausoleum in northern Shaanxi Province was included in the national worship ceremonies in the historical contexts of the separatist regime during the middle Tang Dynasty.The imperial court strengthened the ancestry belief inYellow Emperor by sending envoys to worship ceremonies,and manifested the legitimacy of the imperial power.The Yellow Emperor mausoleums and temples in various places are cultural shrines.With the contemporary development of tourism and intangible cultural heritage protection,the Yellow Emperor mausoleums and temples with the related worship ceremonies have become the basis forcultural industry development.In some places,the Yellow Emperor myth tourism has become the local pillar industry.