新疆白杨河流域达坂城地下水文参数及出流测评

Evaluation of groundwater hydrological parameters and outflow in Dabancheng, Baiyang River Basin, Xinjiang

新疆白杨河流域达坂城位于天山博格达峰山前冲击、洪积山间盆地干旱区,源于天山多支源流汇集于盆地南端峡口,形成下游并由有多支流沿程补给白杨河干流,穿越极端干旱戈壁荒漠托克逊县直至末端吐鲁番市境内尾闾—艾丁湖,是我国典型少有干旱极端干旱叠加型流域灌区。为探寻流域上游达坂城地下水文地质特征,基于潜水非完整井观测抽水试验,采用裘布衣模型和正交试验评估地下水含水层主要水文地质参数及单井出流能力。结果表明,高崖子和阿克苏河段潜水层地下水文地质平均含水层厚度H、渗透系数K和导水系数T分别为10~11 m、18~21 m/d和200~203 m/d,含水层厚度变幅与井水深动态相呼应,单井流量丰富且与渗透系数K和导水系数T相互影响较大,地下含水层渗透速率处于较高水平状态,与河流河床多戈壁砂砾地质吻合,为流域上游达坂城源流区地下水文地质及出流评估提供依据。

Dabancheng of Baiyang River Basin in Xinjiang is located in the arid area of the piedmont impact of the Bogda Peak of the Tianshan Mountains and the Arid region of alluvial intermountain basin. It originates from the multi-tributary source streams of the Tianshan Mountains and converges at the gorge at the southern end of the basin, forming the downstream and replenishing the main stream of Baiyang River along the way by many tributaries.It crosses the extreme arid Gobi Desert, Toksun County, and ends at the end of Turpan City, the end of the lake-Aiding Lake, andit is a typical rare drought and extreme drought superimposed basin irrigation area in my country.In order to explore the hydrogeological characteristics of the groundwater in Dabancheng in the upper reaches of the basin, based on the observation and pumping test of submerged incomplete wells, the Dupuit model and orthogonal test were used to evaluate the main hydrogeological parameters of the groundwater aquifer and the discharge capacity of a single well. The results show that the average aquifer thickness H, permeability K and water conductivity T of the aquifers in the Gaoyazi and Aksu reaches are 10~11 m, 18~21 m/d and 200~203 m/d. The aquifer thickness variation corresponds to the well water depth dynamics, and the single well flow rate is abundant and has a great interaction with the permeability coefficient K and water conductivity coefficient T. The infiltration rate of the underground aquifer is at a relatively high level, which is consistent with the Gobi gravel geology of the riverbed, and provides a basis for the evaluation of the underground geology and outflow in the Dabancheng source area in the upper reaches of the basin.