不■簋“■”地与《系年》“少鄂”——兼论猃狁侵周的地理问题

The Place Name■in Bronze Inscriptions of Buqi gui-tureen and Shao’e in Xinian of Tsinghua Bamboo Slips:with a Discussion on Geographical Issues of Xianyun’s invasion to Zhou

不簋铭的“■”地乃周师西追猃狁之处,位于周王朝的西北边陲一带。“■”是一个从、从各的双声符字,在此当读为“噩”,“各”旁为叠加的声符。《系年》第二章载晋文侯迎纳周平王的“少鄂”毗邻“西申”,当在宗周西北的泾河上游左近,前者与不簋“■”地属于“同地异名”的关系,之所以加缀区别字而更称“少鄂”,应是为了与同时期存在的其他“鄂”地有所区分。不簋铭与《系年》记载的转相发明,有助于重新审视猃狁侵周战争的地理背景。

As a place where Zhou troops attacked Xianyun,the place name■in bronze inscriptions of Buqi gui-tureen is located in the northwestern border area of Zhou.■is a character with two phonetic components,■and各,should be read as噩.The second chapter of Xinian of Tsinghua Bamboo Slips records that Shao’e where Marquis Wen of Jin State met King Ping of Zhou is adjacent to the Western Shen State,located in the upper reaches of Jinghe River to the northwest of Zongzhou.Furthermore,Shao’e and■are two names of one place.The reason why Shao’e added a distinctive character is to distinguish from the place name噩(鄂)that existed at the same period.Thinking about the two issues together can help to re-examine the geographical background of the war of Xian Yun’s invasion to Zhou.