以儿童友好为导向的城市街道空间评估分析——基于“寓心于身”的具身视角

An Evaluation Analysis of the Child-Friendly Oriented Urban Street Space——From the perspective of“embodied mind”in the embodied cognition

《关于推进儿童友好城市建设的指导意见》中指出,要加强儿童友好街区建设,改善儿童安全出行体验。因此街道空间作为儿童友好型城市建设的重要空间,如何发挥“交通通行—公共生活”的双重空间属性,并将现代童年观与儿童友好理论转化为统一的、可操作的评价指标,成为当前儿童友好街道空间品质提升的难题。借助评估指标的层次研究,将具身视角下儿童对于城市街道的空间需求,转译为21项涵盖街道空间各维度的指标清单。以西安曲江新区为例,以7~14岁儿童为评估主体,对以儿童友好空间为基点,步行距离400米半径范围内的城市街道空间展开评估分析,深入挖掘街道现状问题,初步提炼优化关键与优化步骤,为“寓心于身”的街道优化策略的提出打下坚实基础。

“Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Construction of Child-Friendly Cities”points out that it is necessary to strengthen the construction of child-friendly neighborhoods and improve children’s safe travel experience.In view of the important role of street space in the construction of a child-friendly city,how to give full play to the dual spatial attributes of“traffic and public life”and how to transform the modern childhood concept and child-friendly theory into a unified and operable evaluation index are very difficult in the quality improvement of child-friendly street space at present.By using Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)of evaluation indicators,children’s spatial demand for urban streets is transformed into a list of 21 indicators covering all dimensions of street space from the perspective of embodied cognition.Using Qujiang New District of Xi’an as an example and 7-14 year old children as the evaluation subject,this paper evaluates the urban street space within a walking distance radius of 400m and analyzes its child-friendly space.The additional study of the current street situation and the improvement of key steps would lay a solid foundation to propose the street optimization strategy of“embodied mind”.