基于COTDR技术在长输油气管道光纤预警系统中的设计与应用

Design and Application of Optical Fiber Early Warning System for Long-distance Oil and Gas Pipeline Based on COTDR Technology

针对长输油气管道,采用与输油气管道伴行的通信传输光缆作为分布式实时监测传感器,将相干光时域反射(COTDR)技术使用在光纤预警系统中。当第三方施工事件、人工机械挖掘事件、自然灾害破坏、盗油盗气等事故发生时,根据COTDR在不同监测环境下的分布特性,判断出报警类型并准确定位事件发生的位置。通过介绍COTDR技术原理,研究在分布式光纤预警系统中的工作架构和技术优势。该系统完善了长输油气管道对“技防”的需求,既能减少人力投入,又能保障长输管道的安全运行。

Aiming at the long-distance oil and gas pipeline, the communication transmission optical cable accompanying the oil and gas pipeline is used as the distributed real-time monitoring sensor, and the coherent optical time domain reflectometer(COTDR) technology is used in the optical cable early warning system. When third-party construction events, artificial mechanical excavation events, natural disaster damage, oil and gas theft and other accidents occurring, the alarm type is judged and the location of the event is accurately located according to the distribution characteristics of COTDR in different monitoring environments. By introducing the technical principle of COTDR, the working architecture and technical advantages of COTDR in distributed optical fiber early warning system are studied. The demand for “technical defense” of long-distance oil and gas pipeline is improved by the system. The system can not only reduce manpower investment, but also ensure the safe operation of long-distance oil and gas pipeline.