量化评估策略下的延续性护理在慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者中的应用效果

Application effect of continuous nursing under quantitative evaluation strategy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

目的探讨在慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者中采取量化评估策略下的延续性护理的效果。方法采取前瞻性研究,将商丘市第一人民医院2020年1月至2021年12月期间收治的COPD患者78例,依照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组39例。对照组男21例,女18例,年龄(58.96±3.19)岁,病程(6.86±1.23)年,采取常规护理。观察组男20例,女19例,年龄(58.94±3.21)岁,病程(6.83±1.25)年,实施量化评估策略下的延续性护理。两组均持续护理2个月。比较两组自我感受负担、肺功能、生活质量和护理满意度。统计学方法采用独立样本t检验、配对t检验、χ^(2)检验。结果护理后,观察组患者自我感受负担量表中的经济评分[(3.29±0.37)分比(5.42±0.81)分]、情感评分[(13.07±2.11)分比(15.67±2.14)分]、身体评分[(4.09±0.42)分比(6.12±1.01)分]均低于对照组(t=14.937、5.403、11.590,均P<0.001)。护理后,观察组患者的第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)[(1.69±0.18)L比(1.31±0.16)L]、用力肺活量(FVC)[(2.28±0.29)L比(1.73±0.26)L]、呼气峰流速(PEF)[(368.87±22.65)L/min比(326.93±22.54)L/min]均高于对照组(t=9.854、8.819、8.197,均P<0.001)。护理后,观察组COPD评估测试(CAT)评分低于对照组[(20.78±3.10)分比(26.54±3.14)分],差异有统计学意义(t=8.152,P<0.001)。观察组患者的护理总满意度高于对照组[94.87%(37/39)比79.49%(31/39)],差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.129,P=0.042)。结论COPD患者采用量化评估策略下的延续性护理,能够最大限度地降低患者自我感受负担,促进肺功能的改善及生活质量的提升,从而提升患者满意度。

Objective To explore the effect of continuous nursing intervention under quantitative evaluation strategy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods A prospective study was conducted.A total of 78 patients with COPD treated in Shangqiu First People's Hospital from January 2020 to December 2021 were divided into a control group and an observation group according to the random number table method,with 39 cases in both groups.The control group[18 women and 21 men,with an age of(58.96±3.19)years old and a course of disease of(6.86±1.23)years]received routine nursing,while the observation group[19 women and 20 men,with an age of(58.94±3.21)years old and a course of disease of(6.83±1.25)years]received continuous nursing under quantitative evaluation strategy.Both groups received continuous nursing for 2 months.The self-perceived burden,pulmonary function,quality of life,and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Independent sample t test,paired t test,andχ^(2) test were used for statistical analysis.Results After nursing,the economic score[(3.29±0.37)point vs.(5.42±0.81)points],emotional score[(13.07±2.11)point vs.(15.67±2.14)points],and physical score[(4.09±0.42)point vs.(6.12±1.01)points]in the Self-Perceived Burden Scale(SPBS)of the observation group were all lower than those of the control group(t=14.937,5.403,and 11.590;all P<0.001).After nursing,the forced expiratory volume in 1 s(FEV1)[(1.69±0.18)L vs.(1.31±0.16)L],forced vital capacity(FVC)[(2.28±0.29)L vs.(1.73±0.26)L],and peak expiratory flow(PEF)[(368.87±22.65)L/min vs.(326.93±22.54)L/min]in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(t=9.854,8.819,and 8.197;all P<0.001).After nursing,the COPD Assessment Test(CAT)score of the observation groupwas lower than that of the control group[(20.78±3.10)points vs.(26.54±3.14)points],with a statistically significant difference(t=8.152,P<0.001).The total nursing satisfaction of the observation group was higher than that of the control group[94.87%(37/39)vs.79.49%(31/39)],with a statistically significant difference(χ^(2)=4.129,P=0.042).Conclusion The continuous nursing under quantitative evaluation strategy for COPD patients can minimize their self-perceived burden,and promote the improvement of lung function and quality of life,so as to improve the patient satisfaction.