通过公益诉讼的个人信息司法保护

Judicial Protection of Personal Information Through Public Interest Litigation

当前个人信息司法保护的现实困境主要体现为私益诉讼动力不足、刑事司法功能异化、群体性纠纷解决机制失灵等方面。虽然通过公益诉讼来强化个人信息司法保护的呼声早已有之,但个人信息公益诉讼的司法实践直到近几年才兴起。通过拓展民事诉讼法、行政诉讼法等诉讼法律的制度空间,个人信息公益诉讼能在一定程度上获得制度支持。然而,由于缺乏对现有立法制度空间的统一权威解释,个人信息公益诉讼实践仍面临制度性障碍。在个人信息保护法实施后,有必要及时总结个人信息公益诉讼的实践经验,通过司法解释等方式进一步补强个人信息公益诉讼制度。

The current practical difficulties of the judicial protection of citizens’ personal information mainly include the underpowered private interest litigation,the functional alienation of criminal justice,and the institutional defects of group relief.The voice of strengthening the judicial protection of personal information through public interest litigation has been heard for a long time,but the judicial practices of public interest litigation concerning personal information have just started in recent years.The public interest litigation of personal information can obtain institutional support through expanding the institutional space of the civil litigation law and administrative litigation law.But the practice of protecting personal information through public interest litigation still faces institutional obstacles due to the lack of unified and authoritative interpretation of the space in the existing legislative system.When the personal information protection law is officially launched,it is necessary to summarize the practical experience of the public interest litigation,and reinforce the system of public interest litigation concerning personal information through adopting such approaches as the judicial interpretation.