上海市徐汇区产妇产后抑郁发生率及相关影响因素

Incidence and related influencing factors of parturients with postpartum depression in Xuhui District,Shanghai

【目的】了解上海市徐汇区6家社区产妇产后抑郁的发生情况,并分析产后抑郁情绪的相关影响因素,为采取相应干预措施提供依据。【方法】选取徐汇区6家社区2021年8月1日—2022年2月28日分娩的476例产妇为调查对象,填写一般情况及相关影响因素调查表、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS),对产后抑郁的相关影响因素进行单因素和多因素非条件logistic回归分析。【结果】根据EPDS评分,徐汇区476例产妇中72例发生产后抑郁,产后抑郁的发生率为15.13%。多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,产妇性格内向(OR=2.845,95%CI:1.033~7.842)、新生儿人工喂养(OR=11.448,95%CI:2.438~53.767)、产后失眠(OR=2.559,95%CI:1.244~5.262)、产后缺乏育儿经验(OR=2.324,95%CI:1.121~4.820)、家人在意孩子性别(OR=4.415,95%CI:1.500~12.994)是产后抑郁的独立危险因素,配偶为独生子女(OR=0.434,95%CI:0.224~0.840)是产后抑郁的保护因素。【结论】徐汇区产妇产后抑郁受多方面因素影响,应加强对高危人群的筛查和干预,降低产后抑郁的发生。

[Objective]To understand the occurrence of postpartum depression among puerperae in six communities in Xuhui District,Shanghai,and to analyze the related influencing factors of postpartum depression,so as to provide evidence for corresponding intervention measures.[Methods]A total of 476 puerperae who gave birth from August 1,2021 to February 28,2022 in 6 communities in Xuhui District were selected as the survey subjects.They filled out a general situation questionnaire,Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale(EPDS)and a questionnaire on related influencing factors.Univariate and multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis was conducted on the related influencing factors of postpartum depression.[Results]According to the EPDS score,72 of the 476 puerperae in Xuhui District developed postpartum depression,and the incidence of postpartum depression was 15.13%.Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that maternal introversion(OR=2.845,95%CI:1.033‒7.842),artificial feeding(OR=11.448,95%CI:2.438‒53.767),postpartum insomnia(OR=2.559,95%CI:1.244‒5.262),lack of postpartum parenting experience(OR=2.324,95%CI:1.121‒4.820),and family members caring about the gender of the child(OR=4.415,95%CI:1.500‒12.994)were independent risk factors of postpartum depression,while the spouse being an only child(OR=0.434,95%CI:0.224‒0.840)was a protective factor for postpartum depression.[Conclusion]Postpartum depression in Xuhui District is affected by many factors.Screening and intervention of high-risk groups should be strengthened to reduce the incidence of postpartum depression.