2014—2021年南通市某哨点医院流感样症状病例监测分析

Surveillance and analysis of influenza-like illness cases in a sentinel hospital in Nantong from 2014 to 2021

【目的】分析2014—2021年江苏省南通市某哨点医院流感样症状(ILI)病例监测结果,了解流感季节特征及病原学特点。【方法】从中国流感监测信息系统收集2014—2021年南通市某哨点医院常规ILI病例信息,对监测结果进行描述和分析。【结果】2014—2021年南通市某哨点医院共报告ILI病例64110例,占门急诊就诊比例(ILI%)为3.93%。ILI病例主要集中在15岁以下儿童,占总ILI人群55.39%。ILI大致呈现春季和冬季2个流行高峰。2014—2021年期间该哨点医院共完成8639例ILI病例咽拭子标本,其中838例核酸阳性,阳性率为10.01%(3.27%~16.75%),各年度和不同年龄段的流行毒株不相同。2014年和2015年流行毒株为H3N2,2016年和2017年以H3N2和B‑Victoria为共同流行毒株,2018年流行毒株为H1N1,2019—2021年流行毒株为B‑Victoria。0~4岁、15~24岁、25~59岁和>60岁年龄段流行毒株为H3N2,5~14岁流行毒株为B‑Victoria。不同性别阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.364,P=0.006)。【结论】南通市该哨点医院流感好发于冬春季,不同年龄段及不同年度流感亚型交替流行。应密切监测南通市流感病原工作,为流感防控工作提供依据。

[Objective]To analyze the surveillance results of influenza-like illness(ILI)cases in a sentinel hospital in Nantong from 2014 to 2021 and to understand the seasonal and etiological characteristics of influenza.[Methods]The routine ILI case information in a sentinel hospital in Nantong from 2014 to 2021 was collected from China Influenza Surveillance Information system,and the surveillance results were described and analyzed.[Results]A total of 64110 ILI cases were reported in the hospital from 2014 to 2021,and accounted for 3.93%of outpatient and emergency visits.ILI is mainly concentrated in children under 15 years old,accounting for 55.39%of the total ILI cases.ILI%roughly showed two epidemic peaks in spring and winter.A total of 8639 nasopharyngeal swab samples of ILI cases were collected during 2014‒2021,of which 838 were influenza positive,with an average positive rate of 10.01%(3.27%‒16.75%).The epidemic strains varied from year to year and in different age groups.In 2014 and 2015,H3N2 influenza was the epidemic strain;in 2016 and 2017,H3N2 influenza and B-Victoria influenza were the co-epidemic strains;in 2018,H1N1 influenza was the epidemic strain;and in 2019‒2021,B Victoria influenza was the epidemic strain.The epidemic strain in 0‒4 years old,15‒24 years old,25‒59 years old and>60 years old was H3N2,and the epidemic strain in 5‒14 years old was B Victoria.There was a significant difference in the positive rate between different gender groups(χ^(2)=7.364,P=0.006).[Conclusion]Influenza often occurs in winter and spring in a sentinel hospital in Nantong.Influenza subtypes are prevalent alternately in different age groups and different years.We need to closely monitor the etiology of influenza virus in Nantong to provide a basis for influenza prevention and control.