微波毫米波平面共口径天线

Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Planar Shared-Aperture Antenna

随着无线通讯和雷达成像等现代无线系统的迅速发展和广泛应用,人们对系统前端的天线提出了更多的需求。共口径天线将多种不同频带或不同功能的天线集成在同一口径,通过在有限口径内对天线单元进行合理布局,显著提高空间利用效率,并在不同天线之间实现高隔离,确保各天线独立工作。根据辐射口径分布情况,共口径天线设计方法可以分为:嵌套技术、交错技术和复用技术。与立体型共口径天线相比,平面共口径天线具有尺寸小、重量轻、成本低、易于集成等优点。本文介绍了微波毫米波平面共口径天线的研究现状,重点介绍了基于交错技术和复用技术的毫米波平面共口径天线,并对共口径天线技术的发展进行了展望。

With the rapid development and wide applications of modern wireless systems, such as the wireless communication and radar imaging, much more demands have been proposed for the antenna which is the key component of the wireless system. The shared-aperture antennas integrate multiple antennas with different frequency-bands or different functions in the same radiation aperture. By rationally arranging the antenna units within a limited radiation aperture, the aperture efficiency is significantly improved, and good isolation between different antennas can be achieved to ensure that each antenna works independently. According to the distribution of radiation apertures, the design methods of shared-aperture antennas can be classified as: nested technology, interlaced technology and reuse technology. Compared with the three-dimensional shared-aperture antenna, the planar shared-aperture antenna has the advantages of small size, light weight, low cost, and easy integration. This paper reviews the research progress of microwave and millimeter-wave planar shared-aperture antennas, especially focuses on the millimeter-wave planar shared-aperture antennas based on interlaced technology and reusing technology. Finally, the technologies of shared-aperture antenna are prospected.