The mechanism of galanthamine regulating IL-1β/IL-1RA ratio to ameliorate inflammatory microenvironment

加兰他敏调节IL-1β/IL-1RA比率改善炎症微环境的机制探讨

In the present study,we aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory mechanism of galanthamine,a classic therapeutic drug for Alzheimer s disease(AD).The co-culture system of hippocampal nerve cell line HT-22 and microglial cell line BV-2 was established to observe the effect of galanthamine on the expressions of inflammatory factors induced by lipopolysaccharide(LP S).MTT method was used to observe the protective effect of galanthamine on neurons.ELISA and qPCR methods were used to detect the expressions of interleukin-β(IL-1β) and IL-1 receptor antagonist(IL-1 RA) at the protein and mRNA levels,respectively.IL-1β and IL-1 RA were evaluated by the ELISA method after pretreating with galanthamine and α7 nAChR blockerα-bungarotoxin(α-bun),mAChR blocker atropine(Atr),PI3 K inhibitor LY294002,IKKβ inhibitor SC514,or MEK inhibitor PD98059,respectively.The results showed that galanthamine significantly inhibited LPS-induced increased IL-1β and IL-1 RA expressions and maintained the ratio of IL-1β/IL-1 RA.α-Bun could block the regulatory effect of galanthamine on IL-1β and IL-1 RA.As PI3 K and NF-κB pathways were blocked,the regulatory effect of galanthamine on the IL-1β expression was significantly inhibited.Blocking PI3 K and MEK pathways could significantly inhibit the regulation of galanthamine on IL-1 RA expression.In summary,galanthamine regulated the inflammatory activity of the IL-1 subfamily to play an anti-inflammatory role mediated by α7 nAChR and PI3 K/NF-κB/MAPK pathways,which probably provided a new strategy for AD treatment.

本研究拟探讨阿尔茨海默氏病(AD)的经典治疗药物加兰他敏调节IL-1β/IL-1RA比率改善炎症微环境的作用机制。研究首先通过建立海马神经元细胞系HT-22与小胶质细胞系BV-2的共培养体系,评价加兰他敏对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的炎症相关因子表达的影响。随后MTT法观察加兰他敏对神经元的保护作用,ELISA和qPCR方法分别检测加兰他敏对白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)和IL-1受体拮抗剂(IL-1RA)的蛋白与mRNA表达的影响。预处理α7亚型的N胆碱受体(α7nAChR)阻断剂α-银环蛇毒(α-bun)、M胆碱受体(mAChR)阻断剂阿托品(Atr)、PI3K抑制剂LY294002、IKKβ抑制剂SC514或MEK抑制剂PD98059,检测IL-1β和IL-1RA表达的变化。结果显示,加兰他敏显著抑制LPS诱导的IL-1β和IL-1RA的表达增加,维持IL-1β/IL-1RA的比率稳定。α-bun阻断了加兰他敏对IL-1β和IL-1RA的调节作用。分别阻断PI3K和NF-κB通路,显著抑制加兰他敏对IL-1β表达的调节;分别阻断PI3K和MEK通路,显著抑制加兰他敏对IL-1RA表达的调节作用。本研究证明,加兰他敏通过α7 nAChR影响PI3K/NF-κB与PI3K/MAPK通路,调节IL-1亚家族炎症活性发挥神经保护作用,为AD治疗提供新的思路。