中国农业绿色全要素生产率空间关联网络特征演化及影响因素

Characteristic evolution and influencing factors of the spatial correlation network of agricultural green total factor productivity in China

提升农业绿色全要素生产率对于推进农业绿色发展具有重要意义。现有研究缺乏对农业绿色全要素生产率空间关联网络特征及其影响因素的分析,制约了中国农业可持续发展。为此,本文基于关系数据和网络视角,综合利用SBM模型、社会网络分析法、QAP模型等多种模型与方法,就中国农业绿色全要素生产率空间关联网络特征演化过程及其影响因素的动态作用进行深入分析。结果表明:1)农业绿色全要素生产率整体呈现上升趋势,均值由2010年的0.47提升至2019年的0.85,不同地区间存在较大差异,其空间效应已突破地理邻近范围而形成了复杂的空间关联网络;2)农业绿色全要素生产率空间关联网络的关联性和稳定性在研究期间有所加强,2010年到2019年,网络关系数由124个增加至215个,网络密度由0.13提升至0.23,网络等级度由0.53降低至0.29,网络效率由0.84降低至0.67;3)空间关联网络中心度在不同年份存在波动,东部地区依托较为发达的经济成为空间关联网络中主要的要素汇聚地而具有较高的中心度,西部部分地区则主要借助政策支持以获得中东部的要素流入,从而具有较高的中心度,中部少数地区依靠较优越的位置而具有较高的中心度;4)经济发展水平、农业发展水平、信息化水平、交通运输水平、空间邻接关系对空间关联网络的形成具有较显著的影响。

Improving agricultural green total factor productivity(AGTFP)is essential to the development of green agriculture.Few researches has evaluated the characteristics and influencing factors of the spatial correlation network of AGTFP,which is not conducive to the development of green agriculture.Therefore,based on relational data and networks,using data from 31 provinces(cities and autonomous regions)in China from 2010 to 2019,this study used the SBM-Undesirable model to determine AGTFP,and adopted the social network analysis method to analyze the overall structure and individual characteristics of the spatial correlation network of AGTFP.The dynamic process of factors affecting the spatial correlation network of AGTFP was analyzed through a quadratic assignment procedure(QAP)model.The results revealed that:First,the AGTFP in China showed an upward trend as a whole,and the average value increased from 0.47 in 2010 to 0.85 in 2019 with scope for improvement and high regional variability.In addition,the spatial correlation effect of AGTFP of provinces(cities and autonomous regions)exceeded geographical proximity,forming a complex spatial correlation network throughout the country.Second,the correlation and stability of the spatial correlation network of AGTFP were reinforced during the study period.From 2010 to 2019,the number of network relationships increased from 124 to 215,and the network density increased from 0.13 to 0.23.Meanwhile,the network level reduced from 0.53 to 0.29,and the network efficiency reduced from 0.84 to 0.67.Third,the centrality of the spatial correlation network of AGTFP in China fluctuated in different years.The eastern region,relying on a more developed economy,had become the main factor gathering place in the spatial correlation network;therefore,it had a high central degrees.While parts of the western region had a very high central degree due to the inflow of factors from the central and eastern regions mainly through policy support.A few areas in the central region haf a very high central degree due to their superior location.Finally,the results of this study demonstrated that the effects of influencing factors on the spatial correlation networks of AGTFP in China varied from year to year,and the level of economic development,agricultural development,informatization,transportation improvement,and spatial adjacency had a marked impact on the formation of the spatial correlation networks of AGTFP in China.Therefore,the characteristics and influencing factors of AGTFP should be considered,and effective measures should be taken to enhance the spatial correlation of AGTFP.