碳微球对聚磷酸铵/三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐/聚丙烯复合材料性能的影响

Effect of carbon microspheres on the properties of ammonium polyphosphate/melamine cyanurate/polypropylene composites

将聚磷酸铵(APP)和三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐(MCA)复配作为主阻燃剂,以碳微球(CMS)为阻燃协效剂、聚丙烯(PP)为原料,通过熔融挤出法制备了复合材料,利用燃烧性能测试、TG、力学性能测试对复合材料的性能进行了研究。实验结果表明,在PP中加入26%(w)的APP/MCA,所得复合材料的极限氧指数(LOI)达到28.4%,阻燃达到UL94 V0级,但强度和韧性下降。CMS可提高APP/MCA/PP的阻燃性和热分解温度,CMS含量2%(w)、APP/MCA含量26%(w)的CMS/(APP/MCA)/PP的LOI达到32.7%,阻燃为UL 942.0 mm V0级。保持CMS和APP/MCA的质量比为3∶23,当CMS/(APP/MCA)在CMS/(APP/MCA)/PP中的添加量为24%(w)时,所得阻燃PP的阻燃等级依然能达到UL 943.0 mm V0级。

The composites was prepared by melting extrusion with the mixture of ammonium polyphosphate(APP)and melamine cyanurate(MCA)as the main flame retardant,carbon microspheres(CMS)as the flame retardant coagent and polypropylene(PP)as the raw material.The performance of the composites was studied by combustion test,TG test and mechanical property test.The results showed that,when 26%(w)APP/MCA was added to PP,the limited oxygen index(LOI)of the composite reached 28.4%,and the flame retardant reached UL94 V0 grade,but the strength and toughness of the composite decreased.CMS could improve the flame retardant and thermal decomposition temperature of APP/MCA/PP.LOI of CMS/(APP/MCA)/PP with CMS content of 2%(w)and APP/MCA content of 26%(w)reaches 32.7%,and the flame retardant was UL 942.0 mm V0 grade.Keep the mass ratio of CMS and APP/MCA as 3∶23,the flame retardant grade of the flame retardant PP could still reach UL 943.0 mm V0 grade when the addition amount of CMS/(APP/MCA)in CMS/(APP/MCA)/PP was 24%(w).