乡村幼儿园教师职业吸引力的影响因素与提升路径——基于扎根理论的探索性分析

Influencing Factors and Promotion Paths of the Career Attractiveness of Rural Kindergarten Teachers——An Exploratory Analysis Based on Grounded Theory

加强乡村幼儿园教师队伍建设,提高乡村幼儿园教师职业吸引力是推进乡村学前教育现代化以及构建高质量学前教育体系的重要保障。笔者通过访谈乡村幼儿园教师并基于扎根理论分析得出,乡村幼儿园教师职业吸引力的影响因素包括:职业适合、职业提供、职业眷恋和职业倦怠。其中职业适合是产生吸引力的前因要素,职业提供是保障吸引力的必要条件,职业眷恋是提高吸引力的驱动要素,职业倦怠是削弱吸引力的制约因素。研究建议:缩短教师人岗“磨合期”,绘就教师职业“幸福卷”,画好教师队伍“同心圆”,以及构建教师心理“晴雨表”。

Strengthening the construction of rural kindergarten teachers and improving the professional attractiveness of rural kindergarten teachers are an important guarantee for promoting the modernization of rural preschool education and building a high-quality preschool education system.Based on the interviews with rural kindergarten teachers and the root theory,the author concludes that the career attractiveness of rural kindergarten teachers include:occupational suitability,occupational provision,occupational attachment and occupation burnout.Among them,occupational suitability is the antecedent factor of attraction,occupational provision is the necessary condition to ensure attractiveness,occupational attachment is the driving factor to improve attraction,and occupation burnout is the constraint factor to weaken attraction.On this basis,the research suggests that the "running-in period"of teachers should be shortened,the "happiness feeling"of being a teacher should be strengthened,the spirit of"working together as one"should be encouraged and the psychological state of teachers should be paid great attention to,in order to enhance the professional attractiveness of kindergarten teachers.