数字技术在美澳幼儿教育中应用的伦理探索与启示

The Ethical Exploration and Enlightenment on Digital Technology Application in Early Childhood Education in America and Australia

数字技术正逐渐成为幼儿成长过程中不可或缺的组成部分。已有研究和实践表明,如果技术使用有违伦理,很可能会对幼儿发展产生负面影响。通过对全美幼教协会与澳大利亚幼教协会发布的规范学前教育中技术应用的官方文件进行深入解读,发现应当从有益、适宜、有意三个方面,对0-8岁幼儿和数字技术的关系作出伦理规范和引导。美澳两所机构在制定官方报告上的经验对于我国幼教环境下的数字技术应用伦理建设提供了重要启示,我们需要加快制定幼教技术伦理规范的步伐,加强幼教专业伦理和科研伦理建设,提升幼儿和成人的数字素养,推动家校共同合作建设适宜幼儿发展的数字环境。

Digital technology has become an indispensable part of the development of young children.However,studies and practices shows that if the technology cannot be used ethically,it may have a negative impact on the development of young children.After analysis,it has found that NAEYC(National Association of the Education for Young Children)and ECA(Early Childhood Australia)have issued official statements to regulate and guide the relationship between young children aged 0-8 and technology from three aspects:beneficial,appropriate and intentional.The two countries’experiences in official statements inspire us to construct ethical application of digital technology in the environment of preschool education in China and we need to accelerate the exploration of ethics of early childhood educational technology,strengthen preschool education professional ethics and scientific research ethics,improve the digital literacy of children and adults,and encourage family and school to cooperate to create an appropriate digital environment for the children development.