小型农机的常见类型及在丘陵山地农业生产中的作用分析

Common Types of Small Agricultural Machinery and Analysis of Its Role in Agricultural Production in Hills and Mountains

目前,我国农业发展特点呈现出“三高三低”的发展局面,即旱田机械化水平高,水田机械化水平低;北方机械化水平高,南方机械化水平低;平原地区机械化水平高,丘陵山地机械化水平低。丘陵山地主要呈现出以小型农业机械化生产为主的小地块发展特点,农业生产发展综合水平较低,因此,提高丘陵山地农业生产水平对于推动我国农业综合实力及加快农业现代化转型具有重要意义。基于丘陵山地农业机械化发展的战略地位与重要意义,系统阐述了小型农业机械常见类型及应用现状,针对目前丘陵山地农业机械化发展中的主要限制条件与因素,提出未来加快我国丘陵山地农业机械化发展的相关策略与建议。

China’s agricultural development features a“three high and three low”development situation,that is,the high level of dryland mechanization,low level of hydroponic mechanization;high level of mechanization in the north,low level of mechanization in the south;high level of mechanization in the plains,low level of mechanization in the hills and mountains.The hilly mountainous areas mainly show the characteristics of small plot development with small agricultural mechanized production,and low overall level of agricultural production development,therefore,it is important to improve the level of agricultural production in hilly mountainous areas to promote the comprehensive strength of China’s agriculture and accelerate the transformation of agricultural modernization.This study is based on the strategic position and importance of the development of agricultural mechanization in hilly and mountainous areas.The study systematically describes the common types and application status of small agricultural machinery,and proposes strategies and suggestions to accelerate the development of agricultural mechanization in hilly and mountainous areas in China in the future in view of the main constraints and factors in the development of agricultural mechanization in hilly and mountainous areas.